Process Modeling of Ultrasound-guided Needle Placement Interventions

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Canadian medical universities are in the process of transitioning to a Competency- based Medical Education (CBME) model at all levels of training. Achievement of competence requires practice, and for reasons of patient safety and learner comfort, the early stages of practice are best done in a simulated environment. One of the skills that all medical doctors are required to demonstrate is ultrasound-guided needle placement (USNP), in procedures catheter port placement, anesthetic injections. The primary goal in these procedures is to insert a needle to target under ultrasound visualization, while sparing surrounding tissues. USNP is extremely difficult because it requires simultaneous mastery of multiple skillsets. While USNP is a mandatory skill for every new Canadian physician, there is a near complete lack of computing and engineering methodology and tools to support medical educators in the development of CBME programs for USNP. Research on the USNP process modeling is extremely scant, thus critically hindering medical educators in the mandatory transition to the CBME medical education model.