Investigation of developing two-phase Flow through complex geometries

两相流广泛应用于工程和工业领域。例如;蒸汽发生器，热交换器，制冷系统和天然气和石油混合物运输管道的设计需要详细的两相传热和压降分析。两相流的复杂性，其特点是存在可变形界面、湍流、相相互作用和气相的可压缩性，使得难以获得可靠的流动模型，从而难以获得许多工业问题的可靠解决方案。当两相流体通过复杂的几何形状，如阀门、孔口、弯头和多相系统中常见的突然面积变化时，这些复杂性会加剧。当两相通过彼此靠近的多个管道组件时，会产生额外的复杂性。由于各种降解机制，如流动加速腐蚀、空化侵蚀、侵蚀腐蚀和液体冲击侵蚀，许多能源和油气输送系统的失效都发生在这种几何形状的发展中的两相流区域。这严重影响了这些系统的安全性和可靠性，有时还会导致死亡和巨大的经济损失。这些失效模式强烈依赖于传热和传质特性，而传热和传质特性受两相流重分布、相分离和流道几何形状内产生的流动不稳定性的影响。目前，在这些复杂的几何形状中发展两相流还没有完全了解。因此，本研究计划旨在了解通过复杂几何形状发展两相流的基本行为，特别是通过彼此接近的多个管道组件。这项拟议研究的结果将导致开发可靠的机制模型和策略来预测、监测或减轻相关的工业问题。这将大大提高多相系统的可持续性，并将直接有利于加拿大经济。此外，由于多相流领域的专业知识匮乏，为加拿大工业界和学术界提供具有这种独特专业知识的HQPs是申请人研究项目背后的最终目标。

Two-phase flows are found in a wide range of engineering applications and industries. For example; the design of steam generators, heat exchanges, refrigeration systems, and pipelines for gas and oil mixtures transport requires detailed two-phase heat transfer and pressure drop analyses. The complex nature of the two-phase flow, which is characterized by the existence of the deformable interfaces, turbulence, phase interaction, and compressibility of the gas phase, makes it difficult to obtain reliable flow models and consequently reliable solutions for many industrial problems. These complexities are aggravated when the two-phase passes through complex geometries such as valves, orifices, elbows and sudden area change that commonly exists in the multiphase systems. Additional complexity arise when the two-phase passes through multiple piping components located close to each other. Failures in many energy and oil and gas transportation systems occur in the developing two-phase flow regions in such geometries due to variety of degradation mechanisms such as flow accelerated corrosion, cavitation erosion, erosion corrosion, and liquid impact erosion. This severely affects both safety and reliability of these systems and sometime leads to fatalities and huge economic loss. These failure modes found to strongly depend on both heat and mass transfer characteristics which are affected by the two-phase flow redistribution, phase separation and the flow instabilities generated within the geometry of the flow passage. Currently, developing two-phase flow in these complex geometries is not fully understood. Therefore, this research program aims at understanding the fundamental behaviour of developing two-phase flow through complex geometries, especially through multiple piping components with close proximity to one another. The outcomes of this proposed research will result in developing reliable mechanistic models and strategies to predict, monitor or mitigate pertinent industrial problems. This will significantly enhance the sustainability of multiphase systems and will directly benefit the Canadian economy. In addition, with the scarce expertise in the area of multiphase flow, the provision of HQPs, with such unique expertise to the Canadian industry and academia is the applicant’s ultimate objective behind his research program.