Current-Control Methods in Graphene Transmission Lines for Tunable Antennas on Printed Circuit Boards

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Graphene is a one-atom thick two-dimensional (2D) material material made of carbon. It was first isolated in 2004 and, since thattime, many other 2D materials have been successfully isolated in the laboratory but graphene continues to be the most widelystudied. The material has exceptional properties such as excellent mechanical, electrical, thermal, and optical properties. The factthat all these properties are found within a single material, along with the possibility to influence these properties through chemicalfunctionalization has stimulated great interest in graphene. Graphene films can be fabricated with custom-designed conductivitiesthat are lower, equal to, or higher than that of a metal. Yet, as with semiconductors, a graphene films conductivity can bechanged with an externally applied voltage along the path of the current flow. Because graphene exhibits some electronicproperties that are similar to metals while others that are more similar to semiconductors, this material presents uniqueopportunities for the discovery of new electronic components. In this project, Queens University and Grafoid Inc. (Kingston,Ontario) will use graphene to investigate advanced concepts for tunable high-frequency antennas for ultra low-power wirelesslinks.