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Measurement of mass transfer in rivers and shallow waters

河流和浅水区传质测量

基本信息

批准号：
RTI-2018-00249
负责人：
Ackerman, Josef
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
University of Guelph
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Research Tools and Instruments
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=642272
关键词：
Measurement mass transfer rivers shallow

项目摘要

Funds are requested for the purchase of research tools for the measurement of mass transfer in rivers and other shallow waters, which consists of a field deployable velocimeter and a satellite-interfaced riverbed elevation recorder. The measurements include velocity (2 Hz sampling) in three dimensions, at water depths as shallow as 2 cm, and at velocities as low as 1 mm/s along with riverbed elevation to 1 cm accuracy. Such measurements are required to estimate parameters key to estimating the rates (e.g., velocities) at which important chemicals and particles (i.e., dissolved and particulate matter; scalars) move through shallow waters, and the rates at which these move toward and away from riverbeds (e.g., parameters derived from velocity measurements). My lab is particularly interested in the interaction of mass transfer with important biogeochemical processes involving aquatic organisms including phytoplankton, aquatic plants and bivalves. These organisms respond to hydrodynamics because among other things mass transfer delivers their nutrients and food sources and affects their ability to utilize them. It is also important to note that these organisms form the base of aquatic food chains in terms of production and consumption within river ecosystems and may serve as indicators of anthropogenic impacts on rivers and lakes downstream.

请拨经费购买测量河流和其他浅水质量传递的研究工具，包括一台可实地部署的测速仪和一台卫星接口的河床高程记录仪。测量包括三维速度（2hz采样），水深浅至2厘米，速度低至1毫米/秒，河床高程精度为1厘米。需要这样的测量来估计参数，这些参数对于估计重要的化学物质和颗粒（即溶解的和颗粒物质；标量）在浅水中移动的速率（例如，速度）以及它们向河床移动和远离河床的速率（例如，由速度测量得出的参数）至关重要。我的实验室对质量传递与包括浮游植物、水生植物和双壳类在内的水生生物的重要生物地球化学过程的相互作用特别感兴趣。这些生物对流体动力学有反应，因为质量传递传递了它们的营养和食物来源，并影响了它们利用这些营养和食物的能力。还必须指出，就河流生态系统内的生产和消费而言，这些生物构成了水生食物链的基础，并可作为人类活动对下游河流和湖泊影响的指标。