Fatty Acids and Amino Acids in the Regulation of Food Intake in Rats

脂肪酸和氨基酸对大鼠食物摄入的调节

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-06639
• 负责人: Anderson, Gerald
• 金额: $ 3.72万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=643929
• 关键词: Fatty; Acids; Amino; Regulation; Food

Clearly there is an urgency to understand the role of food and food components in the regulation of food intake. My long-term interest has been in the elucidation of the mechanisms by which food proteins and essential amino acids suppress hunger and provide feelings of satiety. ******We have previously established the mechanisms by which food proteins and essential amino acids released during digestion provide satiety signals from the gastrointestinal tract to the brain and now want to turn to an examination of the role of non-essential amino acids, starting with glutamate, a commonly used food additive, in gut and brain mechanisms regulating food intake. Furthermore, we have recently demonstrated on animal model that not only type of protein, but also the source of dietary fat and fatty acid composition, differentially affects food intake and body weight. Therefore, this research is aimed at examining the mechanisms and the role of fatty acids released from dietary fat sources, with particular interest on medium-chain fatty acids, in the gut-brain axis. ******The work proposed herein is essential for elucidation of basic mechanisms of food intake regulation and requires the use of an animal model where invasive procedures can be used. The elucidation of the mechanisms of action of dietary nonessential amino acids and fatty acids on food intake and metabolic homeostasis has potential to advance the understanding of the mechanisms of gut-brain nutrient-sensing systems and lead to innovation in functional foods and drugs.

显然，迫切需要了解食物和食物成分在食物摄入调节中的作用。我的长期兴趣在于阐明食物蛋白质和必需氨基酸抑制饥饿和提供饱腹感的机制。 ******我们之前已经建立了消化过程中释放的食物蛋白质和必需氨基酸从胃肠道向大脑提供饱腹感信号的机制，现在想转而研究非必需氨基酸的作用，从谷氨酸（一种常用的食品添加剂）开始，在调节食物摄入的肠道和大脑机制中。此外，我们最近在动物模型上证明，不仅蛋白质类型，而且膳食脂肪和脂肪酸组成的来源也会不同地影响食物摄入和体重。因此，本研究旨在研究膳食脂肪来源释放的脂肪酸的机制和作用，特别是对肠脑轴中的中链脂肪酸。 ******本文提出的工作对于阐明食物摄入调节的基本机制至关重要，并且需要使用可以使用侵入性程序的动物模型。阐明膳食非必需氨基酸和脂肪酸对食物摄入和代谢稳态的作用机制有可能促进对肠脑营养传感系统机制的理解，并导致功能性食品和药物的创新。