Optical blur on the retina of eye

眼睛视网膜上的光学模糊

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-06042
• 负责人: Campbell, Melanie
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=646754
• 关键词: Optical; blur; retina; eye

The two directions of the research are A) to study the eye's optics in normal and abnormal development; B) to image, in the retina, proteins associated with neuron damage as markers of age-related changes. Aims in this period are to: A1) determine how optical components alter with eye length, to bring the eye into focus; A2) analyze optical signals to eye growth during defocus; A3) quantify which central and peripheral retinal signals to defocus can be sampled by the cone cell mosaic; B1) confirm which and in what morphologies, protein deposits are present in older, ex vivo retinas; B2) measure the interaction of the deposits with polarized light and their spectroscopic signatures and B3) develop in vivo imaging and detection methods that differentiate these proteins.******During normal eye growth and in response to defocus induced by lenses, the eye's length, optics and molecular signals change, decreasing defocus blur. We will study changes during growth towards best focus in response to changes in rearing conditions. The retina responds to optical signals to the two directions of defocus and adjusts eye growth but these signals are not understood. We will analyze the differences in candidate signals with the amount of blur and sign of defocus and will define the signals which could be "seen" by retinal cells. We will also study the subsequent molecular signals to growth. It's important to understand the optical and molecular signalling in normal growth because abnormal growth and nearsightedness (myopia) occur when signals are disrupted. Myopia is increasing worldwide (eg affecting 96% of urban teenagers in Korea). We will also gain better insight into why outdoor exposure is protective against myopia and how novel corrective lenses slow its progression. ******In our eye development study, we will use adaptive optics to correct optical blur of the eye, allowing us to resolve cone photoreceptor cells in the retina. Our imaging with polarized light has improved the visibility of deposits of one protein (amyloid beta) in the retina at the rear of the eye. We will confirm that other protein aggregates increase in number with age in the retina. These misfolded proteins form ordered fibrils which are also likely to become visible in polarized light. We will study different protein types in ex vivo retinas using polarimetry to quantify their interactions with light. Spectroscopic signatures will also be analyzed to develop an in vivo method of differentiating the proteins. These deposits may partially explain age related decreases in visual function and could give insight into the increased risk of neurodegenerative disorders with age. Imaging them in the retina, as markers of deposits in the brain, would provide a new class of diagnostics of neuron damage, much less invasive and less costly than brain imaging.********

研究的两个方向是：A）研究正常和异常发育中的眼睛光学; B）在视网膜中成像与神经元损伤相关的蛋白质，作为年龄相关变化的标志。这一时期的目标是：A1）确定光学成分如何随着眼睛长度而改变，以使眼睛聚焦; A2）分析散焦期间眼睛生长的光学信号; A3）量化哪些中心和周边视网膜信号可以通过视锥细胞镶嵌来采样; B1）确认哪些和以何种形态，蛋白质沉积物存在于较老的离体视网膜中; B2）测量沉积物与偏振光的相互作用及其光谱特征，B3）开发区分这些蛋白质的体内成像和检测方法。在正常的眼睛生长过程中，由于晶状体引起的散焦，眼睛的长度、光学和分子信号会发生变化，从而减少散焦模糊。我们将研究生长过程中的变化，以适应饲养条件的变化。视网膜对两个散焦方向的光学信号做出响应并调节眼睛生长，但这些信号不被理解。我们将分析候选信号的模糊量和散焦符号的差异，并定义可以被视网膜细胞“看到”的信号。 我们还将研究随后的生长分子信号。了解正常生长中的光学和分子信号非常重要，因为当信号被破坏时，就会发生异常生长和近视（近视）。近视在全球范围内不断增加（例如影响韩国96%的城市青少年）。我们还将更好地了解为什么户外暴露可以预防近视，以及新型矫正镜片如何减缓近视进展。** 在我们的眼睛发育研究中，我们将使用自适应光学来纠正眼睛的光学模糊，使我们能够分辨视网膜中的视锥细胞。我们的偏振光成像提高了眼睛后部视网膜中一种蛋白质（β淀粉样蛋白）沉积物的可见性。我们将证实视网膜中其他蛋白质聚集体的数量随着年龄的增长而增加。这些错误折叠的蛋白质形成有序的原纤维，这些原纤维也可能在偏振光下变得可见。我们将研究不同的蛋白质类型在离体视网膜使用偏振定量它们与光的相互作用。还将分析光谱特征，以开发区分蛋白质的体内方法。这些沉积物可以部分解释与年龄相关的视觉功能下降，并可以了解随着年龄的增长神经退行性疾病的风险增加。在视网膜上对它们进行成像，作为大脑中沉积物的标记，将提供一种新的神经元损伤诊断方法，比大脑成像更具侵入性，成本更低。