Effect of essential oil compounds on aquaculture pathogens in combination with organic acids

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Aquaculture worldwide is one of the fastest growing animal production industries. However, rearing fish**populations in high density represent a high risk of invasion and transmission of pathogenic species, making**disease outbreaks really frequent. Consequently, productivity and profitability of aquaculture are often**compromised. Jefo Nutrition Inc. (Jefo) is very active in animal nutrition to address these issues providing**solutions with non-medicated feed additives. Despite research initiated on other related subjects (in poultry or**swine), Jefo is lacking data in order to be able to design new feed additives helping aquaculture production. A**better understanding of the effects of various purified compounds from essential oils on pathogens specific to**various commercially farmed aquaculture species in Canada and worldwide would help to expand the product**line of Jefo with the objective to provide more effective solutions to the issues related to common pathogenic**disease outbreaks. In a first project supported by an Engage grant, it was possible to make the following**advances regarding the effect of essential oils on selected fish pathogens: 1- identification of the most effective**essential oil compounds as well as their effective concentrations in various contexts and 2- first evidence of**synergetic effect with organic acids and 3- possible mechanisms of this effect through modification of the**surface of the bacteria. In the next step of this project, the effect of the combination of the various**concentrations of cinnamaldehyde and various concentrations of organic acids on pathogens will be addressed.**Other aspects of the effect of the treatment will also be explored including the effect on the morphology of the**bacteria, the loss of surface proteins as well as the effect on biofilm and virulence. This second step will be**decisive for the potential use of essential oils by Jefo in aquaculture-oriented products.