Development of Precision Agriculture Technologies to Improve Crop Productivity and Mitigate Environmental Risks: A Pathway to Sustainable Agriculture

发展精准农业技术以提高作物生产力并减轻环境风险：可持续农业之路

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-05769
• 负责人: Farooque, Aitazaz
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of Prince Edward Island
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=650488
• 关键词: Development; Precision; Agriculture; Technologies; Improve

Precise management of agricultural inputs (fertilizer, pesticides, irrigation, etc.) is one of the most significant challenges that the agricultural production system is facing. Currently, crop management practices within potato fields are implemented uniformly with inadequate attention being given to substantial variations in soil, crop, potential yield, climate and topographic features. Uniform applications not only increase the cost of production but also pose a serious threat to the environment (increased nutrient runoff to water bodies, sub-surface/groundwater leaching, volatilization and greenhouse gas emissions). This situation emphasizes the need for increased crop production, profitability and environmental protection, but this cannot be achieved if the fields are managed uniformly.****This novel and innovative research program will develop, integrate and implement precision agriculture technologies and systems to identify spatial and temporal variations within fields. Sensing and control systems developed through this research will be incorporated into traditional agricultural machinery to produce intelligent machines to ensure best management practices (proper seed rate, variable agrochemical applications, efficient irrigation, etc.) on an as-needed basis. The long-term goal of this research is to develop novel, innovative, integrated and environmentally sound systems, through fundamental and applied engineering principles to improve yield and quality, while simultaneously ensuring economic and environmental sustainability. This research program will also examine the tradeoffs between productivity and environmental impact of newly developed machines, when compared with growers' uniform management. Over the next five years I will train 3 M.Sc, 2 PhD, 5 undergraduate students and a research technician. Utilizing a unique and state-of-the-art research facility we will develop innovative systems to optimize resource allocation for potato production in Canadian climate. Results arising from this research will be disseminated in journals, national/international conference proceedings, factsheets, field days, and grower meetings.****This research will provide a new knowledge base for management of inputs in relation to soil, crop and yield variability. Sustainable inputs management will expand the marketing opportunities and improve socio-economic conditions in rural Canada. The novel technologies, procedures and protocols developed at UPEI will be transferred to other provinces in Canada to achieve sustainable production. The deliverables of this research will focus on potatoes; however, these technologies with modifications can be broadly applicable to other row and fruit crops. Site-specific management is not only beneficial for the agriculture sector but also the general public of Canada because of its environmental benefits.*********

对农业投入品(化肥、农药、灌溉等)进行精确管理是农业生产系统面临的最重大挑战之一。目前，马铃薯田内的作物管理做法是统一实施的，对土壤、作物、潜在产量、气候和地形特征的巨大差异没有给予足够的重视。均匀应用不仅增加了生产成本，还对环境造成了严重威胁(增加了向水体的养分径流、地下/地下水淋溶、挥发和温室气体排放)。这种情况强调了提高作物产量、盈利能力和环境保护的必要性，但如果对田地进行统一管理，就无法实现这一点。*这一新颖和创新的研究计划将开发、集成和实施精准农业技术和系统，以识别田地内的时空变化。通过这项研究开发的传感和控制系统将被整合到传统农业机械中，以生产智能机械，以确保最佳管理实践(适当的播种量、可变的农用化学品应用、高效灌溉等)。在需要的基础上。这项研究的长期目标是开发新的、创新的、集成的和环境无害的系统，通过基本和应用的工程原理来提高产量和质量，同时确保经济和环境的可持续性。这项研究计划还将检查与种植者统一管理相比，新开发的机器的生产率和环境影响之间的权衡。在接下来的五年里，我将培养3名理学硕士、2名博士、5名本科生和1名研究技术员。利用独特和最先进的研究设施，我们将开发创新系统，在加拿大气候条件下优化马铃薯生产的资源分配。这项研究的结果将在期刊、国家/国际会议记录、情况介绍、田间日和种植者会议上传播。*这项研究将为管理与土壤、作物和产量变异性有关的投入提供新的知识基础。可持续的投入管理将扩大加拿大农村的销售机会，改善社会经济条件。在UPEI开发的新技术、程序和协议将转移到加拿大其他省份，以实现可持续生产。这项研究的成果将集中在土豆上；然而，这些经过修改的技术可以广泛适用于其他行作物和水果作物。现场管理不仅对农业部门有益，而且对加拿大公众也有好处，因为它对环境有好处。