Improved materials stability and morphology in organic photovoltaic cells
改善有机光伏电池的材料稳定性和形态
基本信息
- 批准号:RGPIN-2014-04809
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 2.62万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:加拿大
- 项目类别:Discovery Grants Program - Individual
- 财政年份:2018
- 资助国家:加拿大
- 起止时间:2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Plastic solar cells use organic or polymer semiconductor materials instead of more traditional materials, such as silicon or cadmium telluride. Efficiencies of plastic solar cells, also known as organic photovoltaics (OPV), have increased drastically over the last decade, from a few percent to over 12%, making their performance competitive with more established solar cell technologies. Plastic solar cells have the potential to significantly reduce the price of solar-generated electricity, but they currently suffer from relatively short lifetimes and low-cost production has yet to be fully demonstrated. The short lifetimes (compared to the industry standard of 20-25 years) are due to the use of unstable, reactive materials, and low-cost production would require both inexpensive semiconductor materials and fabrication techniques. This proposal aims to address these issues by 1) designing a scientific model of OPV electrical characteristics to improve our understanding of the operation and limitations of OPV. This model will guide our materials and device structure choices in the other two initiatives, 2) developing new molecules for solar cells that exhibit high efficiencies and long-term stability, and 3) developing new low-cost manufacturing methods using laminated films of plastic semiconductors.**To guide our choices of materials and structures, it is important that we understand, from a first-principles physics point of view, the operation and fundamental limitations of OPV technology. These issues have been well-understood for traditional solar cells for many years, but the operation of OPV cells is significantly more complicated, and new models are required. Understanding these limitations will allow us to focus our efforts on properties of the solar cells where the most improvement can be realized.**Every high-efficiency OPV cell uses a fullerene-derived molecule as the "electron acceptor". Although a few non-fullerenes were used in early devices, the success of fullerenes due to their excellent electron transport, and high electron affinity, has made their use wide-spread. Unfortunately, there are several reasons why fullerenes are not suitable for a successful commercial OPV technology. First, fullerenes are very unstable in the presence of oxygen and light. The resulting photo-oxidation drastically diminishes their electrical properties, and degrades solar cell efficiency. Second, fullerenes require a lot of energy to produce, and a sustainable solar cell technology should require as little energy as possible, to minimize the energy payback time. Finally, fullerenes absorb light very poorly, so we must rely on the electron donor material to harvest the solar photons. By developing non-fullerene acceptors, we aim to produce stable, more sustainable, and more efficient plastic solar cells.**The lowest cost methods for producing OPV cells are solution-based, where an "ink" containing the plastic semiconductor is used to coat the cell. Unfortunately, this limits the complexity (and therefore efficiency) of cells that can be produced, as trying to coat a second ink on top of an already-coated film will typically dissolve the first. We propose to develop new fabrication techniques, where complex, efficient, multilayer cells are produced by laminating semiconductor films, rather than ink-coating. In this procedure, the ink is used to coat a temporary surface called a stamp. The ink dries, and the film is transferred, or laminated, onto a second surface that contains previously deposited films. This dry-transfer process avoids the problems of dissolving earlier layers, and complex multilayer films can be formed. This technology will enable low-cost production of efficient multilayer OPV cells.
塑料太阳能电池使用有机或聚合物半导体材料,而不是更传统的材料,如硅或碲化镉。塑料太阳能电池,也被称为有机光伏(OPV),其效率在过去十年中大幅提高,从几个百分点提高到超过12%,使其性能与更成熟的太阳能电池技术相竞争。塑料太阳能电池有可能大幅降低太阳能发电的价格,但目前它们的寿命相对较短,低成本生产尚未得到充分证明。寿命短(与行业标准20-25年相比)是由于使用了不稳定的反应性材料,而低成本生产需要廉价的半导体材料和制造技术。这项建议旨在通过1)设计OPV电气特性的科学模型来解决这些问题,以提高我们对OPV的操作和局限性的理解。这一模型将指导我们在其他两项计划中选择材料和器件结构:2)开发高效和长期稳定的太阳能电池新分子;3)使用塑料半导体叠层薄膜开发新的低成本制造方法。**为了指导我们选择材料和结构,我们必须从第一原理物理的角度了解OPV技术的操作和基本限制。对于传统太阳能电池来说,这些问题多年来已经被很好地理解了,但OPV电池的操作明显更加复杂,需要新的型号。了解这些限制将使我们能够将我们的努力集中在可以实现最大改进的太阳能电池的性能上。**每一个高效的OPV电池都使用富勒烯衍生的分子作为“电子受体”。虽然一些非富勒烯被用在早期的器件中,但富勒烯由于其良好的电子传输和高电子亲和力而获得成功,使它们的应用得到了广泛的应用。不幸的是,为什么富勒烯不适合成功的商业口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗技术,有几个原因。首先,富勒烯在氧气和光的存在下非常不稳定。由此产生的光氧化大大降低了它们的电学性能,并降低了太阳能电池的效率。其次,生产富勒烯需要大量能源,而可持续的太阳能电池技术应该需要尽可能少的能源,以最大限度地减少能源回收时间。最后,富勒烯对光的吸收非常差,所以我们必须依靠电子给体材料来获取太阳光子。通过开发非富勒烯受体,我们的目标是生产稳定、更可持续和更高效的塑料太阳能电池。**生产OPV电池的最低成本方法是基于溶液的方法,即使用含有塑料半导体的“墨水”来覆盖电池。不幸的是,这限制了可以生产的电池的复杂性(因此也限制了效率),因为试图在已经涂好的薄膜上再涂一层墨水通常会溶解第一层墨水。我们建议开发新的制造技术,其中复杂的、高效的多层电池是通过层叠半导体薄膜而不是墨水涂层来制造的。在此过程中,油墨被用来涂覆一种称为图章的临时表面。油墨干燥,薄膜被转移或叠层到包含先前沉积的薄膜的第二表面上。这种干法转移过程避免了溶解早期层的问题,可以形成复杂的多层膜。这项技术将使低成本生产高效的多层OPV电池成为可能。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Hill, Ian其他文献
Patient and healthcare professionals' perceptions of a combined blood and faecal immunochemical test for excluding colorectal cancer diagnosis in primary care.
- DOI:
10.1111/hex.13796 - 发表时间:
2023-12 - 期刊:
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Nelson, Kayleigh;Carter, Kym;Hepburn, Julie;Hill, Ian;Hurlow, Claire;O'Neill, Claire;Tang, Alethea;Harris, Dean A. - 通讯作者:
Harris, Dean A.
Improving Birth Outcomes And Lowering Costs For Women On Medicaid: Impacts Of 'Strong Start For Mothers And Newborns'
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10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01042 - 发表时间:
2020-06-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:9.7
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Dubay, Lisa;Hill, Ian;Cross-Barnet, Caitlin - 通讯作者:
Cross-Barnet, Caitlin
Strategies to Promote Postpartum Visit Attendance Among Medicaid Participants
- DOI:
10.1089/jwh.2018.7568 - 发表时间:
2019-06-28 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.5
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Rodin, Diana;Silow-Carroll, Sharon;Hill, Ian - 通讯作者:
Hill, Ian
Effects of managed care on service use and access for publicly insured children with chronic health conditions
- DOI:
10.1542/peds.2006-2222 - 发表时间:
2007-05-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:8
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Davidoff, Amy;Hill, Ian;Adams, Emerald - 通讯作者:
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The impact of new health insurance coverage on undocumented and other low-income children: lessons from three California counties.
- DOI:
10.1353/hpu.0.0293 - 发表时间:
2010-05-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.4
- 作者:
Howell, Embry;Trenholm, Christopher;Hill, Ian - 通讯作者:
Hill, Ian
Hill, Ian的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Hill, Ian', 18)}}的其他基金
Surfaces and interfaces in sensors and photovoltaic devices
传感器和光伏器件的表面和界面
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2019-04861 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 2.62万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Surfaces and interfaces in sensors and photovoltaic devices
传感器和光伏器件的表面和界面
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2019-04861 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 2.62万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Surfaces and interfaces in sensors and photovoltaic devices
传感器和光伏器件的表面和界面
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2019-04861 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 2.62万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Surfaces and interfaces in sensors and photovoltaic devices
传感器和光伏器件的表面和界面
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2019-04861 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 2.62万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Improved materials stability and morphology in organic photovoltaic cells
改善有机光伏电池的材料稳定性和形态
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2014-04809 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 2.62万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Improved materials stability and morphology in organic photovoltaic cells
改善有机光伏电池的材料稳定性和形态
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2014-04809 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 2.62万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Improved materials stability and morphology in organic photovoltaic cells
改善有机光伏电池的材料稳定性和形态
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2014-04809 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 2.62万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Improved materials stability and morphology in organic photovoltaic cells
改善有机光伏电池的材料稳定性和形态
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2014-04809 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 2.62万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Materials and devices for photovoltaic energy conversion
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