An assessment of bioenergetics to inform harvest decisions in pacific salmon terminal fisheries

随着许多太平洋鲑鱼数量的减少，需要更可持续的手段来捕获目标种群。**在种群产卵迁徙即将结束时进行的终端渔业，是太平洋鲑鱼的一种可持续捕获**选择。码头渔业确保避免非目标鱼类以及可能数量较少的**种群或需要保护的鱼类。除了保护效益之外，码头渔业**还为原住民社区提供了维持粮食安全和文化的新经济机会。**码头渔业的一个主要问题是，当太平洋鲑鱼成熟产卵时，能量从**肌肉转移到性腺。在终端地区，肉类质量会很快恶化，从而降低其商业价值，并且在某一点之后，性腺（即鱼子）变得更有价值。因此，收获策略**包括肉和鱼子，但缺乏对**成熟太平洋鲑鱼能量利用的时间动态的了解。这些信息对于最大限度地提高终端**渔业的产品质量和价值至关重要。研究将集中于红鲑鱼，这是一种通常在码头地区收获的有价值的物种，**将使用颜色和脂质含量作为肉质的标志。直接与巴宾湖和**圣艾尔斯原住民以及各种红眼鱼种群合作，我们将评估**鱼接近终端区域时能源使用的时间动态，这如何影响肉质和颜色，以及这些过程在**地点和目标种群之间有何不同。将使用估算脂质含量的微波能量**计进行非侵入性能量评估。来自标准位置的组织样本的颜色将在使用 SalmoFanTM 收集时进行视觉分类**。为了验证微波能量计读数，将使用弹式量热法**来量化收集的组织样本中的脂肪。最终产品将是肉质质量随时间变化**的模型，这将为我们的行业合作伙伴提供相对于每个库存的捕获**日期的颜色和脂肪含量的估计。这些结果以及在季节中继续使用微波能量计将有助于**加工者做出更明智的收获决策。

With many Pacific salmon populations declining, needed are more sustainable means to harvest target stocks.**Terminal fisheries, conducted near the end of a stock's spawning migration, are one such sustainable harvest**option for Pacific salmon. Terminal fisheries ensure that that non-target fish, and potentially less abundant**stocks or those of conservation concern, are avoided. In addition to the conservation benefits, terminal fisheries**also present new economic opportunities for First Nations communities to maintain food security and culture.**A major concern of terminal fisheries is that as Pacific salmon mature for spawning, energy is diverted from**the muscle to gonads. Meat quality can deteriorate very quickly in terminal areas, reducing its commercial**value, and after a certain point, the gonads (i.e. roe) become more valuable. Harvest strategies therefore**encompass both meat and roe, but what is lacking is knowledge of temporal dynamics of energy utilization in**maturing Pacific salmon. Such information is critical to maximize both product quality and value in terminal**fisheries. Research will focus on sockeye salmon, a valuable species commonly harvested in terminal areas and**will use colour and lipid content as markers of flesh quality. Working directly with the Lake Babine and**Sts'ailes First Nations and with various sockeye stocks, we will assess temporal dynamics of energy usage as**fish approach terminal areas, how this affects flesh quality and colour, and how these processes differ among**locations and target stocks. A non-invasive energy assessment will be conducted using a microwave energy**meter that estimates lipid content. Color of tissue samples from standard locations will be visually categorized**upon collection using a SalmoFanTM. To validate the microwave energy meter readings, bomb calorimetry**will be used to quantify fat in collected tissue samples. The final product will be a model of temporal variation**in flesh quality that will provide our industry partner an estimate of colour and fat content relative to capture**date for each stock. These results and continued use of the microwave energy meter in-season will help**processors make more informed harvest decisions.