An assessment of bioenergetics to inform harvest decisions in pacific salmon terminal fisheries

随着许多太平洋鲑鱼种群的减少，需要更可持续的方式来收获目标种群。在鱼群产卵洄游接近尾声时进行的终端渔业，是太平洋鲑鱼可持续收获 ** 的一种选择。终端渔业确保避免非目标鱼类和可能不太丰富的 ** 种群或有养护问题的种群。除了养护方面的好处外，终端渔业 ** 还为原住民社区提供了新的经济机会，以维持粮食安全和文化。终端渔业的一个主要问题是，随着太平洋鲑鱼成熟产卵，能量从肌肉转移到性腺。在终端地区，肉类质量会很快恶化，降低其商业价值，在某个点之后，性腺（即鱼子）变得更有价值。因此，收获策略包括肉和鱼子，但缺乏的是成熟太平洋鲑鱼能量利用的时间动态知识。这种信息对于终端 ** 渔业最大限度地提高产品质量和价值至关重要。研究将侧重于红鲑鱼，这是一种通常在终端地区收获的宝贵物种，** 将使用颜色和脂质含量作为肉质的标志。直接与巴宾湖和 **Sts'ailes第一民族和各种红眼股票工作，我们将评估能源使用的时间动态 ** 鱼接近终端地区，这如何影响肉质和颜色，以及这些过程如何在 ** 地点和目标股票之间有所不同。将使用估计脂质含量的微波能量计 ** 进行无创能量评估。在使用SalmoFanTM采集时，对标准位置的组织样本颜色进行目视分类 **。为了验证微波能量计的读数，将使用弹式量热法 ** 对收集的组织样本中的脂肪进行定量。最终产品将是一个模型的时间变化 ** 在肉的质量，将提供我们的行业合作伙伴的估计颜色和脂肪含量相对于捕获 ** 日期为每一个股票。这些结果以及在季节中继续使用微波能量计将有助于 ** 加工商做出更明智的收获决策。

With many Pacific salmon populations declining, needed are more sustainable means to harvest target stocks.**Terminal fisheries, conducted near the end of a stock's spawning migration, are one such sustainable harvest**option for Pacific salmon. Terminal fisheries ensure that that non-target fish, and potentially less abundant**stocks or those of conservation concern, are avoided. In addition to the conservation benefits, terminal fisheries**also present new economic opportunities for First Nations communities to maintain food security and culture.**A major concern of terminal fisheries is that as Pacific salmon mature for spawning, energy is diverted from**the muscle to gonads. Meat quality can deteriorate very quickly in terminal areas, reducing its commercial**value, and after a certain point, the gonads (i.e. roe) become more valuable. Harvest strategies therefore**encompass both meat and roe, but what is lacking is knowledge of temporal dynamics of energy utilization in**maturing Pacific salmon. Such information is critical to maximize both product quality and value in terminal**fisheries. Research will focus on sockeye salmon, a valuable species commonly harvested in terminal areas and**will use colour and lipid content as markers of flesh quality. Working directly with the Lake Babine and**Sts'ailes First Nations and with various sockeye stocks, we will assess temporal dynamics of energy usage as**fish approach terminal areas, how this affects flesh quality and colour, and how these processes differ among**locations and target stocks. A non-invasive energy assessment will be conducted using a microwave energy**meter that estimates lipid content. Color of tissue samples from standard locations will be visually categorized**upon collection using a SalmoFanTM. To validate the microwave energy meter readings, bomb calorimetry**will be used to quantify fat in collected tissue samples. The final product will be a model of temporal variation**in flesh quality that will provide our industry partner an estimate of colour and fat content relative to capture**date for each stock. These results and continued use of the microwave energy meter in-season will help**processors make more informed harvest decisions.