Eggshell membrane nano-particles (ESM-NPs) for biomedical applications

鸡蛋是一种有价值的营养食品，加工/提纯的蛋黄和蛋清的市场很大。然而，有必要进行更多的研究，以开发废弃蛋壳和蛋壳膜的增值应用。我们对蛋壳膜(ESM)的蛋白质组学分析已经鉴定出具有抗菌、免疫调节、抗癌和抗氧化等功能的蛋白质，并在ESM中验证了这些活性。然而，ESM生物活性底物使用的最大挑战之一是其较差的溶解性和生物利用度。这些限制可以通过减小ESM颗粒的尺寸来提高溶解度和增加生物利用度来改善溶解度来解决。纳米/减小尺寸的ESM颗粒将增强其对微生物感染、炎症和其他疾病的溶解和治疗效果，这些疾病以前由于大小/溶解度限制而难以靶向。这项拟议研究的目的是制备蛋壳膜纳米粒(ESM-NPs)，并评估其在治疗癌症干细胞、微生物感染和炎症性疾病方面的应用，重点是皮肤应用。ESM-NPs将从ESM中生产出来，并进行物理表征。ESM-NPs的抗菌活性将通过平板法和微量肉汤稀释法进行评价。ESM-NPs将针对人类黑色素瘤细胞株进行测试，以评估其作为抗皮肤癌药物的疗效。将制备ESM纳米微囊，并评估ESM-NP通过醋酸纤维素膜和大鼠皮肤的传输。ESM-NPs的抗炎活性也将被评估。对ESM的研究将扩展到纳米级，并将导致从ESM副产品开发新的高价值化妆品和生物医学产品。

The chicken egg is a valuable nutritious food, and large markets exist for processed / purified egg yolk and egg white. However, more research is necessary to develop value-added applications for waste eggshell and eggshell membranes. Our proteomic analysis of eggshell membrane (ESM) has identified proteins with antimicrobial, immune-modulating, anticancer and antioxidant properties, and we have verified these activities in ESM. However, one of the biggest challenges for the use of ESM bioactive substrate is its poor solubility and bioavailability. These limitations could be resolved by reducing the size of the ESM particles to enhance the solubility and increasing the bioavailability to improve solubility. Nano/reduce sized ESM particles will enhance its dissolution and therapeutic efficacy against microbial infection, inflammation, and other disease conditions which were previously difficult to target due to size / solubility restrictions. The objective of the proposed study is to produce eggshell membrane nanoparticles (ESM-NPs) and evaluate its applications against cancer stem cells, microbial infection and inflammatory disease conditions, with an emphasis on skin applications. ESM-NPs will be produced from ESM and physically characterized. The antimicrobial activity of ESM-NPs will be evaluated by spread plate and microbroth dilution assay. ESM-NPs will be tested against human melanoma cell lines to evaluate its efficacy as an anti-skin cancer agent. ESM nanocream will be prepared and ESM-NP transport through cellulose acetate membrane and rat skin will be evaluated. The anti-inflammatory activity of ESM-NPs will also be evaluated. Studies with ESM will be extended to the nano-level, and will lead to the development of new high-value cosmetic and biomedical products from ESM by-products.