Development of advanced natural gas fueling strategies

开发先进的天然气加注策略

• 批准号: 530547-2018
• 负责人: Kirchen, Patrick
• 金额: $ 8.79万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=655656
• 关键词: Development; advanced; natural; gas; fueling

Natural gas fueling for heavy-duty engines offers a near-term path to meaningful reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from on-road freight transport. Tailpipe CO2 emission reductions on the order of 20% relative to equivalent diesel are achievable. Adding renewable natural gas (RNG) to the fuel offers significant fuel-cycle benefits without requiring further modifications to the engine. However, unburned CH4 emissions are problematic and erode the GHG benefits of NG fueled engines. Lower CH4 emissions need to be met within the competing demands of increasing fuel efficiency requirements and lower tailpipe emissions, in particular anticipated further reductions in tailpipe NOx emissions. At the same time, the engines must be cost-competitive with incumbent technologies, matching performance with an acceptable payback period for incremental costs. Of the NG engine technologies to meet these challenges, pilot-ignited compression ignition engines offer a promising pathway, but still face challenges. The work proposed herein will develop and evaluate technologies for direct injection NG engines to: 1) identify routes to reduce engine-out NOx emissions to meet future ultra-low NOx emissions standards; 2) reduce the fuel system complexity by eliminating or minimizing the need for a pilot injection, and; 3) identify the mechanisms responsible for CH4 emissions. A single cylinder research engine at UBC will be utilized to identify new operating strategies and to characterize the associated combustion process, efficiency, and emissions. In addition,an optically accessible single cylinder engine will be used for characterizing the in-cylinder processes. This five-year project will train six HQP, who will build skills in the areas of: energy systems, combustion, air quality, instrumentation, image processing, and data analysis. The improvements in direct injected NG engines will benefit Canada by facilitating the use of a domestically abundant fuel, ultimately resulting in lower, NOx, particulate, and GHG emissions.**

为重型发动机提供天然气燃料，为有效减少公路货运的温室气体（GHG）排放提供了一条短期途径。与同等柴油相比，尾气管CO2排放量可减少约20%。将可再生天然气（RNG）添加到燃料中可提供显著的燃料循环益处，而无需对发动机进行进一步修改。然而，未燃烧的CH4排放是有问题的，并且侵蚀了NG燃料发动机的GHG益处。降低甲烷排放量需要在提高燃料效率要求和降低排气管排放量的相互竞争的需求中得到满足，特别是预期进一步减少排气管氮氧化物排放量。与此同时，发动机必须与现有技术具有成本竞争力，使性能与可接受的增量成本回收期相匹配。天然气发动机技术，以满足这些挑战，引燃压缩点火发动机提供了一个有前途的途径，但仍然面临挑战。本文提出的工作将开发和评估用于直接喷射NG发动机的技术，以：1）确定减少发动机排出的NOx排放的路线，以满足未来的超低NOx排放标准; 2）通过消除或最小化对引燃喷射的需要来降低燃料系统的复杂性;以及; 3）确定负责CH4排放的机制。UBC的一台单缸研究发动机将被用来确定新的运行策略，并表征相关的燃烧过程、效率和排放。此外，光学可访问的单缸发动机将用于表征缸内过程。这个为期五年的项目将培训六名HQP，他们将在能源系统、燃烧、空气质量、仪器仪表、图像处理和数据分析等领域培养技能。直接喷射天然气发动机的改进将使加拿大受益，因为它有助于使用国内丰富的燃料，最终降低氮氧化物、颗粒物和温室气体排放。