Hybrid nanomaterials for efficient catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide into fuels and value-added chemicals

用于将二氧化碳有效催化转化为燃料和增值化学品的混合纳米材料

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04727
• 负责人: Klinkova, Anna
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=655734
• 关键词: Hybrid; nanomaterials; efficient; catalytic; conversion

Carbon dioxide is the most abundant greenhouse gas contributing to global warming. Efforts to mitigate the atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide need to be intensified in order to prevent mass ecological disasters. Carbon utilization – the technology where carbon dioxide in the atmosphere or from industrial plants is directly converted into useful products such as fuels, pharmaceuticals and polymers is a rapidly growing field, which increases the economic incentive towards carbon mitigation strategies and bypasses the need for fossil fuels. Central to effective carbon utilization is the activation of the carbon dioxide molecule towards further reaction. This can be achieved using nanoelectrocatalysis – a technology, which combines the unique catalytic properties of nanomaterials with electrical energy input to sustainably generate valuable products.***To this end, we aim to synergistically develop hybrid organic-metal nanocatalysts and reaction processes, integrating them with a state of the art electrochemical flow cell reactor with a gas diffusion working electrode, which has been underexplored in the carbon dioxide reduction field. This cell and electrode design significantly increases CO2 availability, overcoming its solubility and mass transport limitations present in traditional electrochemical cells, and is a promising platform to achieve high reaction selectivity, current densities, and current efficiencies. Combining this platform with rationally designed stable, selective, and efficient electrocatalysts has the potential to achieve the system performance advances that would make this technology suitable for industrial implementation. Additionally, by studying how specific nanocatalyst features including shape, surface chemistry, chirality and material impact catalytic reaction parameters, we will obtain guiding principles for future catalyst design and bring new strategies in materials science to generate efficient catalysts for other important catalytic processes. ***Our work will yield new catalytic materials, platforms, and processes to effectively transform excess carbon dioxide into fuels, chemical feedstocks, and pharmaceuticals while providing a deeper mechanistic understanding of mechanisms of electrocatalytic reactions on nanocatalysts. Ultimately, this will spark innovations in carbon dioxide chemistry while providing a stronger incentive for the capture of emissions at the source and in the atmosphere. This research program in one of the most exciting fields in STEM will launch the careers of budding scientists while contributing a solution to a crucial and pressing global problem.

二氧化碳是最丰富的温室气体，导致全球变暖。为了防止大规模生态灾难，需要启发减轻二氧化碳大气水平的努力。碳利用 - 大气中二氧化碳或工厂中二氧化碳直接转化为有用的产品的技术，例如燃料，药品和聚合物，是一个快速增长的领域，这增加了对碳缓解策略的经济激励措施，并绕过对化石燃料的需求。有效碳利用的核心是二氧化碳分子向进一步反应的激活。这可以使用纳米电催化 - 一种技术，将纳米材料的独特催化特性与电能输入相结合以可持续产生有价值的产品。在二氧化碳还原场中没有充满反感。该电池和电极设计可显着提高CO2的可用性，克服传统电化学细胞中存在的溶解度和质量传输限制，并且是实现高反应选择性，当前密度和当前效率的有希望的平台。将该平台与合理设计的稳定，选择性和高效的电催化剂相结合，有可能实现系统性能的进步，从而使该技术适合工业实施。此外，通过研究特定的纳米催化剂特征，包括形状，表面化学，手性和材料影响催化反应参数，我们将获得未来催化剂设计的指导原理，并带来材料科学中的新策略，以为其他重要的催化过程产生有效的催化剂。 ***我们的工作将产生新的催化材料，平台和过程，以有效地将超过二氧化碳，化学原料和药物转化为二氧化碳，同时对纳米催化剂的电催化反应机制有更深入的机械理解。最终，这将引发二氧化碳化学的创新，同时为捕获源和大气中的排放量提供了更大的动力。 STEM中最令人兴奋的领域之一的研究计划将启动新兴科学家的职业，同时为全球关键和紧迫的全球问题做出解决方案。