New Directions in Locational Analysis, Environmental Modelling and Humanitarian Logistics

位置分析、环境建模和人道主义物流的新方向

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-05904
• 负责人: Krass, Dmitry
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=655969
• 关键词: New; Directions; Locational; Analysis; Environmental

Part I: New Directions in Locational Analysis***Part I.1: Continuous Demand in Location and Location-Reliability Models***In most GIS/GPS applications consumer demand is represented as continuously distributed over a certain geographical region. Yet, most facility location models assume the demand originates from a discrete set of points, leading to potentially large aggregation errors. In addition to the practical importance of modeling continuously distributed demand, this research has the potential to provide insights into characteristics of optimal solutions: What do optimal facility configurations look like under different conditions? What changes can be expected when some fundamental system parameters (e.g., reliability of facilities) changes? Such insights are often impossible to provide in discrete location settings. ***Part I.2 Multi-Market Marketing-Distribution Models***A firm introducing a new product or service to the market must develop a coordinated marketing-distribution strategy, where the "marketing" part refers to the marketing support the new product will receive and "distribution" has to do with how the product will be made available to the market. These two sets of issues have, until recently been addressed by two different bodies of literature: marketing and facility location. Our objective is the development of integrated multi-market multi-channel marketing-location models, providing important managerial insights and practical decision support tools. We will also study the role of information interchange between different players in the system. ******Part II: Environmental Modelling and Technology Choice***One of the key questions in sustainable operations is how to create the proper set of incentives to motivate firms to make "green" technology choices, particularly through the use of environmental taxation and related tools. We study a model consisting of two layers: the "regulator" setting the tax policy, and several profit-maximizing firms responding to that policy by selecting production technologies, production levels and prices, acting as a followers. Our results underscore the importance of taking operational aspects into account when setting environmental policy, and open many further directions for additional research. ******Part III: Humanitarian Logistics***One crucial and under-studied aspect of HL is related to facility location, where "facilities" may include depots, warehouses and distributing centers that are used for pre-positioning, storage, or staging of relief supplies, equipment or personnel. Related issue is the determination of the required amount resources to achieve reasonable protection levels and how this resources should be optimally deployed in a given relief scenario. Our goal is to create an efficient decision-support tool enabling planners to make decisions on resources and to construct detailed operational plans.

第一部分：位置分析的新方向 * 第一部分：位置和位置可靠性模型的连续需求 * 在大多数GIS/GPS应用中，消费者需求被表示为连续分布在某个地理区域。 然而，大多数设施选址模型假设需求来源于一组离散的点，导致潜在的大的聚合误差。 除了连续分布的需求建模的实际重要性，这项研究有可能提供洞察的最佳解决方案的特点：什么是最佳的设施配置看起来像在不同的条件下？ 当一些基本系统参数（例如，设备的可靠性）的变化？ 在离散的位置设置中，通常不可能提供这样的见解。* 第I.2部分多市场营销-分销模式 * 一个公司向市场推出新产品或服务时，必须制定一个协调的营销-分销战略，其中“营销”部分是指新产品将获得的营销支持，“分销”部分是指产品将如何进入市场。 这两套问题，直到最近才被两个不同的文学机构：营销和设施的位置。 我们的目标是开发集成的多市场多渠道营销定位模型，提供重要的管理见解和实用的决策支持工具。我们还将研究系统中不同参与者之间信息交换的作用。* 第二部分：环境模型和技术选择 * 可持续经营的关键问题之一是如何建立一套适当的激励措施，特别是通过使用环境税和有关工具，激励公司作出“绿色”技术选择。我们研究了一个由两层组成的模型：“监管者”设定税收政策，几个利润最大化的公司通过选择生产技术，生产水平和价格来响应该政策，作为一个追随者。我们的研究结果强调了在制定环境政策时考虑操作方面的重要性，并为更多的研究开辟了许多进一步的方向。 * 第三部分：人道主义物流 * 人道主义物流的一个关键和未充分研究的方面与设施位置有关，其中“设施”可能包括用于预先定位、储存或集结救援物资、设备或人员的仓库、仓库和配送中心。与此相关的问题是，如何确定达到合理保护水平所需的资源数量，以及如何在特定的救济方案中以最佳方式部署这些资源。我们的目标是创建一个高效的决策支持工具，使规划人员能够对资源做出决策，并制定详细的运营计划。