New Directions in Locational Analysis, Environmental Modelling and Humanitarian Logistics

位置分析、环境建模和人道主义物流的新方向

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-05904
• 负责人: Krass, Dmitry
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=678812
• 关键词: New; Directions; Locational; Analysis; Environmental

Part I: New Directions in Locational Analysis***Part I.1: Continuous Demand in Location and Location-Reliability Models***In most GIS/GPS applications consumer demand is represented as continuously distributed over a certain geographical region. Yet, most facility location models assume the demand originates from a discrete set of points, leading to potentially large aggregation errors. In addition to the practical importance of modeling continuously distributed demand, this research has the potential to provide insights into characteristics of optimal solutions: What do optimal facility configurations look like under different conditions? What changes can be expected when some fundamental system parameters (e.g., reliability of facilities) changes? Such insights are often impossible to provide in discrete location settings. ***Part I.2 Multi-Market Marketing-Distribution Models***A firm introducing a new product or service to the market must develop a coordinated marketing-distribution strategy, where the "marketing" part refers to the marketing support the new product will receive and "distribution" has to do with how the product will be made available to the market. These two sets of issues have, until recently been addressed by two different bodies of literature: marketing and facility location. Our objective is the development of integrated multi-market multi-channel marketing-location models, providing important managerial insights and practical decision support tools. We will also study the role of information interchange between different players in the system. ******Part II: Environmental Modelling and Technology Choice***One of the key questions in sustainable operations is how to create the proper set of incentives to motivate firms to make "green" technology choices, particularly through the use of environmental taxation and related tools. We study a model consisting of two layers: the "regulator" setting the tax policy, and several profit-maximizing firms responding to that policy by selecting production technologies, production levels and prices, acting as a followers. Our results underscore the importance of taking operational aspects into account when setting environmental policy, and open many further directions for additional research. ******Part III: Humanitarian Logistics***One crucial and under-studied aspect of HL is related to facility location, where "facilities" may include depots, warehouses and distributing centers that are used for pre-positioning, storage, or staging of relief supplies, equipment or personnel. Related issue is the determination of the required amount resources to achieve reasonable protection levels and how this resources should be optimally deployed in a given relief scenario. Our goal is to create an efficient decision-support tool enabling planners to make decisions on resources and to construct detailed operational plans.

第1部分：位置分析的新方向***第1部分：位置和位置可靠性模型中的连续需求***在大多数GIS/GPS应用中，消费者需求被表示为连续分布在某个地理区域内。然而，大多数设施选址模型假设需求来自一组离散的点，这可能导致较大的聚集误差。除了对连续分布需求建模的实际重要性之外，这项研究还有可能提供对最优解决方案特征的见解：在不同条件下，最优设施配置是什么样子的？当一些基本的系统参数（如设施的可靠性）发生变化时，预期会发生哪些变化？在离散的位置设置中，通常不可能提供这样的见解。***第1部分2多市场营销-分销模式***向市场推出新产品或服务的公司必须制定协调的营销-分销战略，其中“营销”部分指的是新产品将获得的营销支持，而“分销”则与如何将产品推向市场有关。直到最近，这两组问题已经由两种不同的文献来解决：市场营销和设施选址。我们的目标是开发集成的多市场多渠道营销定位模型，提供重要的管理见解和实用的决策支持工具。我们还将研究系统中不同参与者之间信息交换的作用。******第二部分：环境建模和技术选择***可持续经营的关键问题之一是如何创造一套适当的激励措施，特别是通过使用环境税收和相关工具来激励公司做出“绿色”技术选择。我们研究了一个由两层组成的模型：“监管者”制定税收政策，几个利润最大化的企业通过选择生产技术、生产水平和价格来响应该政策，作为追随者。我们的研究结果强调了在制定环境政策时考虑操作方面的重要性，并为进一步的研究开辟了许多方向。******第三部分：人道主义物流***人道主义物流的一个关键和未被充分研究的方面与设施位置有关，其中“设施”可能包括用于预先定位、储存或运送救援物资、设备或人员的仓库、仓库和分发中心。相关的问题是确定实现合理保护水平所需的资源数量，以及如何在给定的救济方案中以最佳方式部署这些资源。我们的目标是创建一个有效的决策支持工具，使计划人员能够对资源做出决策并构建详细的操作计划。