Upgrade of a time-resolved particle image velocimetry system

时间分辨粒子图像测速系统的升级

• 批准号: RTI-2019-00333
• 负责人: Maciel, Yvan
• 金额: $ 9.35万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=658282
• 关键词: Upgrade; time; resolved; particle; image

The Laboratory of Hydraulic Machines of Laval University performs research on hydraulic turbines that produce hydroelectricity. It is the only independent laboratory in Canada specializing in R&D on hydraulic turbines. Its research aims at providing a better understanding of the hydrodynamic and structural behaviour of hydraulic turbines. The Laboratory partners are leading companies involved in hydraulic turbine design, Andritz Hydro, GE Renewable Energy, Voith Hydro, and turbine operators, Hydro-Québec and EDF. Our current research project aims at understanding the nature of potentially damaging turbine vibrations induced by the flow in Francis turbines. Francis turbines are the most numerous turbines in hydro power plants in Canada. The project will provide the R&D departments of the participating industrial partners with knowledge, tools and methodologies to optimize turbine designs or operation in order to increase flexibility without penalizing the machine life. This will in turn ease the integration of renewable energy sources (wind, solar) on the power grid.***The prime measurement system for this project (and many others in our laboratories) is a Time-Resolved Particle Image Velocimetry (TR-PIV) system. A PIV system measures velocity fields inside a flow in order to provide information about the flow behaviour. The time-resolved feature of our PIV system implies that it can acquire velocity fields at high speed, up to 725 velocity fields per second. In this manner, it is possible to analyze fast variations of flow phenomena. For example, we can follow the evolution in time of large vortices that induce turbine vibrations.***The goal of the present proposal is to upgrade substantially our TR-PIV system. Such a system functions with high-speed cameras. Our cameras are highly performant, but they have two limitations. First, they have relatively small memory banks to store the flow images. The limited memory size implies that for a majority of crucial flow phenomena, the acquisition time is too short to track important flow variations. Consequently, we will not be able to fully characterize the flow phenomena and to entirely understand their role in structurally exciting the turbine. Second, the transfer of the images from the cameras to a computer takes a long time, which considerably reduces the number of measurements that can be performed in a day. Consequently, it diminishes the test bench availability for other types of measurements, it leads to an enormous waste of energy since the rig cannot be stopped during image transfers and it increases needlessly the wear of the equipment (rig, turbine model, sensors).**

拉瓦尔大学水力机械实验室从事水力涡轮机的研究。它是加拿大唯一一家专门从事水轮机研发的独立实验室。其研究旨在更好地了解水轮机的流体动力学和结构行为。实验室的合作伙伴是从事水力涡轮机设计的领先公司，如安德里茨水电公司、通用电气可再生能源公司、福伊特水电公司，以及涡轮机运营商魁北克水电公司和法国电力公司。我们目前的研究项目旨在了解由弗朗西斯涡轮机中的流动引起的潜在破坏性涡轮机振动的性质。弗朗西斯水轮机是加拿大水力发电厂中数量最多的水轮机。该项目将为参与工业合作伙伴的研发部门提供知识、工具和方法，以优化涡轮机设计或操作，从而在不影响机器寿命的情况下提高灵活性。这反过来又将有助于可再生能源（风能、太阳能）在电网上的整合。该项目（以及我们实验室中的许多其他项目）的主要测量系统是时间分辨粒子图像测速（TR-PIV）系统。PIV系统测量流体内部的速度场，以提供有关流体行为的信息。我们的PIV系统的时间分辨功能意味着它可以在高速采集速度场，高达每秒725速度场。以这种方式，可以分析流动现象的快速变化。例如，我们可以跟踪引起涡轮机振动的大涡流随时间的演变。*本提案的目标是大幅升级我们的TR-PIV系统。这样的系统与高速相机一起工作。我们的相机性能卓越，但有两个局限性。首先，它们具有相对小的存储器组来存储流图像。有限的内存大小意味着，对于大多数关键的流量现象，采集时间太短，无法跟踪重要的流量变化。因此，我们将不能完全描述流动现象，也不能完全理解它们在结构激励涡轮机中的作用。其次，将图像从相机传输到计算机需要很长时间，这大大减少了一天中可以执行的测量次数。因此，它减少了其他类型测量的测试台可用性，导致了巨大的能源浪费，因为在图像传输期间无法停止装置，并且不必要地增加了设备（装置，涡轮机模型，传感器）的磨损。