Modified nanostructures for the next generation of biosensing and enhanced nanomaterials

用于下一代生物传感和增强纳米材料的改性纳米结构

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-06217
• 负责人: McDermott, Mark
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=659213
• 关键词: Modified; nanostructures; next; generation; biosensing

The fabrication and the surface modification of nanostrutures are key areas of research for the transformation of nanoscience to nanotechnology. The research program described in this proposal seeks to apply modified nanostructures in bioanalytical and nanomaterials applications. Specifically, we will develop devices and technologies to detect small molecule metabolites and synthesize high-performance materials based on renewable "green" nanoparticles.**Metabolomics is an emerging field of "omics" science that uses advanced analytical chemistry techniques to characterize the 1000s of small molecule metabolites (MW50 common diseases -- including many that are on the AHRIS priority list. 30 key metabolites have been identified that may be used, either alone or in combination, to predict or diagnose the development of a wide range of disorders including maternal (preeclampsia), childhood (autism, trisomy 18), chronic (diabetes, Crohn's, colitis, cancer, chronic fatigue syndrome), infectious (hepatitis) and neurological (Alzheimer's, schizophrenia) with high sensitivity and specificity. We believe the work proposed here can reduce analysis times and costs significantly.**Cellulose is the world's most abundant biopolymer. Specific processing of cellulose results in the isolation of nanoscale, crystalline cellulose nanoparticles called cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). CNCs are rod shaped particles of nanoscale dimension that exhibit high specific strength and modulus, have high surface area and possess unique optical properties. Our project involves the chemical modification of CNC to produce a material that can be used in additive manufacturing. Additive manufacturing uses technologies that create 3D structures through sequential layering of materials. The most common form of additive manufacturing is 3D printing, which has brought us closer to the longstanding dream of replication technology. A 3D printer creates an object from a digital model by sequential depositing materials that can solidify into the desired shape. A wide variety of materials, from metals to ceramics to polymers, can be used as inks for 3D printing. As ideas and applications continue to expand, so will the need for new ink materials. 3D printing of biomaterials is beginning to emerge pushed by the desire for renewable, abundant, biocompatible and/or biodegradable inks. We believe that CNC shows great promise as a major or minor component of the next generation of 3D inks, especially for biomedical implants and devices.

纳米结构的制备和表面改性是纳米科学向纳米技术转化的关键研究领域。本提案中描述的研究计划旨在将改性纳米结构应用于生物分析和纳米材料应用。 具体而言，我们将开发检测小分子代谢物的设备和技术，并基于可再生的“绿色”纳米颗粒合成高性能材料。代谢组学是一个新兴的“组学”科学领域，它使用先进的分析化学技术来表征1000多个小分子代谢物（MW 50常见疾病-包括许多在AHRIS优先名单上的疾病）。 已经鉴定了30种关键代谢物，其可以单独或组合用于以高灵敏度和特异性预测或诊断广泛的病症的发展，所述病症包括母体（先兆子痫）、儿童（自闭症、18三体）、慢性（糖尿病、克罗恩病、结肠炎、癌症、慢性疲劳综合征）、传染性（肝炎）和神经性（阿尔茨海默病、精神分裂症）。 我们相信这里提出的工作可以显著减少分析时间和成本。**纤维素是世界上最丰富的生物聚合物。 纤维素的特定加工导致纳米级结晶纤维素纳米颗粒的分离，称为纤维素纳米晶体（CNC）。 CNC是纳米尺度的棒状颗粒，其表现出高比强度和模量，具有高表面积并具有独特的光学性质。 我们的项目涉及CNC的化学改性，以生产可用于增材制造的材料。 增材制造使用通过材料的顺序分层来创建3D结构的技术。 增材制造最常见的形式是3D打印，它使我们更接近复制技术的长期梦想。 3D打印机通过顺序沉积可以固化成所需形状的材料，从数字模型中创建对象。 从金属到陶瓷再到聚合物，各种材料都可以用作3D打印的墨水。 随着想法和应用的不断扩展，对新油墨材料的需求也将不断增加。 生物材料的3D打印开始出现，受到对可再生、丰富、生物相容和/或生物可降解油墨的需求的推动。 我们相信，CNC作为下一代3D油墨的主要或次要组成部分，特别是用于生物医学植入物和设备，具有很大的前景。