Hydrological and biogeochemical resilience of human-dominated watersheds

人类主导的流域的水文和生物地球化学恢复力

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2017-06727
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 1.97万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    加拿大
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助国家:
    加拿大
  • 起止时间:
    2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

More than 50% of the world's population now lives in urban areas and this is projected to increase to 60% by 2030. Across scales, urbanization is characterized by increases in impervious surface area, reductions in water infiltration rates, and increases in surface runoff. These alterations to the natural landscape drastically alter the timing and magnitude of stream hydrological responses to precipitation inputs. When rain- or melt-water washes over impervious surfaces it collects pollutants and carries them into the stormwater-stream system leading to degraded water quality. To slow water down and prevent excess materials from reaching water bodies, stormwater control measures are often employed. Despite these efforts, the negative impacts of urban development on stream health remain and are now exacerbated by more frequent extreme weather events. The overall goal of this research program is to advance our understanding of the cumulative impacts of climate and land use changes on the hydrology and biogeochemistry of human-dominated (i.e. urban and urbanizing) watersheds. The short-term objectives of the research include: (1) Examining the influence of land use patterns on the hydro-biogeochemical behaviour of human-dominated watersheds, (2) Quantifying the impact of stormwater control measures on the hydro-biogeochemical behaviour of human-dominated watersheds, and (3) Assessing and comparing the hydrological and biogeochemical resilience of different human-dominated watersheds to extreme events. These objectives will be addressed through a variety of temporally and spatially intensive hydro-biogeochemical field sampling approaches in four meso-scale watersheds and their sub-catchments located in south-central Ontario. The study watersheds span a gradient of size and land use from highly urbanized to dominantly agricultural. Geospatial determination of effective, or hydraulically connected, impervious area and the quantification of multiple metrics of the spatial distribution of land use will be carried out for each watershed. Catchment hydrological functioning, specifically the proportion of 'new', event water leaving the catchment during storm events and the distribution of water ages leaving each watershed on multiple time scales, will be estimated using stable water isotopes. Catchment biogeochemical functioning will be assessed through the spatial analysis of key water quality data collected seasonally during synoptic longitudinal surveys of multiple headwater catchments (with and without stormwater management ponds) in the study watersheds. Lastly, statistical analyses of precipitation-runoff and solute concentration-discharge relations at the watershed-scale will be used to evaluate the resilience of different land use patterns to extreme weather events. This research will inform sustainable management of urban water resources in Canada.**
目前,世界上超过50%的人口生活在城市地区,预计到2030年将增加到60%。在不同尺度上,城市化的特点是不透水表面面积增加,水渗透率降低,地表径流增加。这些自然景观的改变大大改变了时间和规模的河流水文响应降水输入。当雨水或融化的水冲刷不透水的表面时,它会收集污染物并将其带入雨水系统,导致水质下降。为了减缓水流速度,防止多余的物质进入水体,经常采用雨水控制措施。尽管作出了这些努力,但城市发展对河流健康的负面影响仍然存在,而且现在由于更频繁的极端天气事件而加剧。该研究计划的总体目标是促进我们对气候和土地利用变化对人类主导(即城市和城市化)流域水文和地球化学累积影响的理解。研究的短期目标包括:(1)研究土地利用模式对人类活动主导的流域水文地球化学行为的影响;(2)量化雨水控制措施对人类活动主导的流域水文地球化学行为的影响;(3)评估和比较不同人类活动主导的流域对极端事件的水文和地球化学恢复能力。这些目标将通过各种时间和空间密集的水文地球化学现场采样方法在四个中型流域及其子集水区位于中南部安大略。该研究流域的规模和土地利用梯度从高度城市化到以农业为主。将在地理空间上确定每个流域的有效或与水力相连的不透水区,并量化土地利用空间分布的多种尺度。流域水文功能,特别是“新的”,事件水的比例离开集水区在暴雨事件和水年龄的分布离开每个流域在多个时间尺度上,将使用稳定的水同位素进行估计。将通过对研究流域内多个水源集水区(有和没有雨水管理池塘)的天气纵向调查期间按季节收集的关键水质数据进行空间分析,评估集水区的生态地球化学功能。最后,在流域尺度上的降水-径流和溶质浓度-排放关系的统计分析将被用来评估不同的土地利用模式的极端天气事件的弹性。这项研究将为加拿大城市水资源的可持续管理提供信息。

项目成果

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Oswald, Claire其他文献

Metagenomics of Wastewater Influent from Wastewater Treatment Facilities across Ontario in the Era of Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern.
  • DOI:
    10.1128/mra.00362-22
  • 发表时间:
    2022-07-21
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0.8
  • 作者:
    Lawal, Opeyemi U.;Zhang, Linkang;Parreira, Valeria R.;Brown, R. Stephen;Chettleburgh, Charles;Dannah, Nora;Delatolla, Robert;Gilbride, Kimberly A.;Graber, Tyson E.;Islam, Golam;Knockleby, James;Ma, Sean;McDougall, Hanlan;McKay, R. Michael;Mloszewska, Aleksandra;Oswald, Claire;Servos, Mark;Swinwood-Sky, Megan;Ybazeta, Gustavo;Habash, Marc;Goodridge, Lawrence
  • 通讯作者:
    Goodridge, Lawrence
Early identification of a COVID-19 outbreak detected by wastewater surveillance at a large homeless shelter in Toronto, Ontario.
Applications of 3D Printing in Physical Geography Education and Urban Visualization
  • DOI:
    10.3138/cart.54.4.2018-0007
  • 发表时间:
    2019-12-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    1
  • 作者:
    Oswald, Claire;Rinner, Claus;Robinson, Alexis
  • 通讯作者:
    Robinson, Alexis

Oswald, Claire的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Oswald, Claire', 18)}}的其他基金

Hydrological and biogeochemical resilience of human-dominated watersheds
人类主导的流域的水文和生物地球化学恢复力
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2017-06727
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.97万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Hydrological and biogeochemical resilience of human-dominated watersheds
人类主导的流域的水文和生物地球化学恢复力
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2017-06727
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.97万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Hydrological and biogeochemical resilience of human-dominated watersheds
人类主导的流域的水文和生物地球化学恢复力
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2017-06727
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.97万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Sewershed surveillance of COVID-19 in the City of Toronto
多伦多市下水道内的 COVID-19 监测
  • 批准号:
    555041-2020
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.97万
  • 项目类别:
    Alliance Grants
Hydrological and biogeochemical resilience of human-dominated watersheds
人类主导的流域的水文和生物地球化学恢复力
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2017-06727
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.97万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Hydrological and biogeochemical resilience of human-dominated watersheds
人类主导的流域的水文和生物地球化学恢复力
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2017-06727
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.97万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Controls on upland-wetland hydrology and mercury biogeochemistry
高地湿地水文学和汞生物地球化学的控制
  • 批准号:
    316663-2005
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.97万
  • 项目类别:
    Postgraduate Scholarships - Doctoral
Controls on upland-wetland hydrology and mercury biogeochemistry
高地湿地水文学和汞生物地球化学的控制
  • 批准号:
    316663-2005
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.97万
  • 项目类别:
    Postgraduate Scholarships - Doctoral
Controls on upland-wetland hydrology and mercury biogeochemistry
高地湿地水文学和汞生物地球化学的控制
  • 批准号:
    316663-2005
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.97万
  • 项目类别:
    Postgraduate Scholarships - Doctoral

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