Approaches for the estimation of daily discharges at watercourse crossings of linear infrastructure

洪水事件会对线性工程基础设施，如公路、铁路或管道，在基础设施与水道（河）的交汇处造成重大破坏。因此，量化这些洪水事件对昂贵基础设施造成的实际风险是很重要的。这要求在感兴趣的位置有可用的流数据。由于这些线性基础设施可以跨越数千公里，因此不可能在十字路口的所有位置都设置水文测量站。**因此，水文学家经常被要求在未测量的渡口估算洪水的分位数。拟议的ENGAGE研究项目的主要目标是开发估算线性基础设施中未测量的水道交叉点日排放量的方法。针对BGC在北美可能遇到的各种条件（山地地形，有冰效应的北欧地区等），将开发和**多种方法。主要原理是有效地将在**多个测量位置记录的流量转移到未测量的感兴趣地点。将制定适当的程序，以划定与目标地点类似的条件的测量站。然后，使用适当的**估计技术进行信息传递。一旦在目标地点生成了合成历史序列，就可以进行相应的洪水频率分析程序来估计不同重现期对应的洪水分位数。所开发的方法也可用于实时估计感兴趣的目标位置的瞬时流量。开发的**方法将被分组在一个工具中，可以在北美的任何地方轻松使用。该工具最终可以集成到由我们的合作伙伴BGC开发的基于web的河流网络工具（RNT）应用程序中，该应用程序可以用于具有线性基础设施的水道交汇处的任何位置。

Flood events can cause significant damages to linear engineering infrastructure, such as roads, railways or**pipelines, at locations of intersection of the infrastructure with the watercourse (river). It is hence important to**quantify the actual risks associated with these flood events for costly infrastructure. This requires the**availability of streamflow data at the locations of interest. Since these linear infrastructure can span over**thousands of kilometers, it is impossible to have hydrometric stations at all locations of intersection.**Hydrologists are hence often required to produce flood quantile estimates at ungauged crossings. The main goal**of the proposed ENGAGE research project is to develop approaches for the estimation of daily discharges at**ungauged watercourse crossings of linear infrastructure. A number of approaches will be developed and**adapted to the various conditions that may be encountered by BGC in North America (mountainous terrain,**Nordic region with ice effect, etc.). The main principle is to efficiently transfer Streamflows recorded at a**number of gauged locations to the ungauged site of interest. Adequate procedures will be developed to**delineate sets of gauged stations representing conditions that are similar to the target site. Then, appropriate**estimation techniques will be used to carry out the information transfer. Once a synthetic historical series is**generated at the target site, it is possible to carry out the appropriate flood frequency analysis procedure to**estimate flood quantiles corresponding to different return periods. The developed approaches can also be used**on a real-time basis to estimate instantaneous streamflows at the target location of interest. The developed**approaches will be grouped in a tool that can be easily used at any location in North America. The tool can**eventually be integrated in the River Network Tools (RNT) web-based application developed by our partner**BGC and which can be used for any location of intersection of watercourses with linear infrastructure.