High-resolution Holocene climate derived from lacustrine sediment: stable isotope evidence from organic and inorganic proxy material

来自湖泊沉积物的高分辨率全新世气候：来自有机和无机代理材料的稳定同位素证据

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04140
• 负责人: Patterson, William
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=661738
• 关键词: resolution; Holocene; climate; derived; lacustrine

UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon declared climate change as "the defining challenge of our era.Grave as it may be, today's financial crisis is a passing storm from which we will recover, we cannot say that about the potential catastrophe of global warming." This interdisciplinary DG seeks to characterize modern meteorological/isotopic parameters (d18OH2O and dDH2O) of surface waters from western Canada and characterize Holocene climate from lake sediment and molluscan isotope proxy data (d18OCaCO3/d13CCaCO3/d13Corg/d15Norg/ dDcell/d18Ocell). Changes in seasonality of temperature and precipitation recorded by stable isotope proxy data during abrupt climate change intervals that punctuate long-term trends will be derived by micromilling mollusc shells for carbonate d18O and d13C values. There is currently no issue of greater scientific significance and urgency than gaining an understanding of the Earth's climate system in the modern and through time. It is critical to all aspects of human society, as well as for global and regional ecosystems, that we increase our understanding of both past and contemporary climatic regimes in order that we may better predict, and prepare for future changes in climate. ***At particular risk are the high latitudes where decreasing sea ice directly affects biota, thermohaline circulation, heat transport, and the radiation balance, as well as human systems. Melting permafrost will generate methane and CO2 that will further warm the atmosphere. Ice roads that supply northern communities and oil/mining infrastructure will operate less frequently, thereby increasing costs as well as risk of accidents and spills in delicate pristine environments. Northern communities face new and ever more daunting challenges as their way of life is further threatened. Migrations will be altered and whole ecosystems may move north and/or disappear. Particularly sensitive to climate change are regions that have agriculture and/or fishing-based economies, large heating energy requirements, and/or marginal water supplies.***Because Canada is not isolated from other Northern Hemispheric landmasses and oceans, all must be evaluated together if we are to understand past, present, and future changes in Canada. Our recent research has revealed that moisture transport over Central America is directly related to moisture and heat transport to the North Atlantic, and that the Canadian Arctic is more sensitive to climate change than previously thought. The proposed Discovery Grant research will recreate temperature, moisture cycling, and atmospheric circulation at a variety of time-scales (decadal to subannual) to evaluate teleconnections between locations. We will apply time-series analysis to these proxy data to evaluate climate-change periodicity in the past as a function of location to better predict regional responses to anthropogenic forcing in the future.

联合国秘书长潘基文宣布气候变化是“我们这个时代的决定性挑战。尽管今天的金融危机可能很严重，但我们将从中恢复过来，我们不能对全球变暖的潜在灾难说这句话。“这一跨学科的DG旨在表征加拿大西部地表沃茨的现代气象/同位素参数（d18 OH 2 O和dDH 2 O），并从湖泊沉积物和软体动物同位素代用数据（d18 OCaCO 3/d13 CCaCO 3/d13 Corg/d15 Norg/ dDcell/d18 Ocell）中表征全新世气候。在气候突变间隔，标点的长期趋势的稳定同位素代用数据记录的温度和降水的季节性变化将来自微磨软体动物壳碳酸盐d18 O和d13 C值。目前，没有任何问题比了解现代和长期的地球气候系统更具有科学意义和紧迫性。对于人类社会的各个方面以及全球和区域生态系统来说，至关重要的是，我们必须增加对过去和当代气候状况的了解，以便我们能够更好地预测未来的气候变化并为此做好准备。* 在高纬度地区，海冰的减少直接影响到生物区系、温盐环流、热量输送和辐射平衡以及人类系统。融化的永久冻土将产生甲烷和二氧化碳，这将进一步温暖大气。供应北方社区和石油/采矿基础设施的冰路将减少运营频率，从而增加成本以及在脆弱的原始环境中发生事故和泄漏的风险。北方社区面临着新的和更加严峻的挑战，因为他们的生活方式受到进一步威胁。迁移将被改变，整个生态系统可能向北迁移和/或消失。对气候变化特别敏感的是那些以农业和/或渔业为基础的经济体、需要大量热能和/或供水不足的区域。因为加拿大不是孤立于其他北方半球的陆地和海洋，如果我们要了解加拿大过去、现在和未来的变化，就必须对所有这些进行评估。我们最近的研究表明，中美洲的水汽输送与北大西洋的水汽和热量输送直接相关，加拿大北极地区对气候变化的敏感性比以前认为的要高。拟议中的发现资助研究将在各种时间尺度（十年到亚年）上重现温度、湿度循环和大气环流，以评估地点之间的遥相关。我们将应用时间序列分析这些代理数据，以评估气候变化的周期性在过去作为一个功能的位置，以更好地预测区域的人为强迫在未来的反应。