Characterizing damage mechanisms in rock using an integrated remote sensing-numerical modelling approach

从微观到宏观，损伤都是岩石破坏的基本组成部分。这项拟议的研究旨在开发适用于实验室样本、高岩坡和地下挖掘的岩石损伤特征的新方法。研究的主要重点将是将离散裂缝网络工程、裂缝强度、裂缝连通性、集中和分布损伤以及临界连通性关系的DFNE概念扩展到实际的岩石工程解决方案。将对各种岩石类型进行实验室压缩和间接拉伸测试，以说明不同的矿物学和微观结构，并使用常规方法和各种无损检测技术进行监测，包括声发射、声速、高速热成像和摄影方法。岩石损伤特征的变化将在整个应力-应变范围内进行详细评估。结合脆性断裂数值模拟-实验程序将被用来加深我们对岩石损伤过程的理解。将全面使用遥感方法结合改良的工程地质/地貌测绘，以确定主要岩层滑坡、大型露天矿坑、石矿场高斜坡和地下挖掘工程的破坏情况。研究将尝试开发适用于损伤变化检测研究的面部连接映射方法。DFNE方法将被应用于脆性断裂模型(FDEM、晶格弹簧)的输入数据的前处理和随后的脆性断裂模型的后处理，以便在模拟过程中显示损伤随应力的变化。将选择案例研究，以便最佳地开发绘制应力引起和爆炸破坏的新方法，包括非爆炸使用环境，如大理石/板岩采石场的天然高斜坡和钢丝锯切高岩坡。研究的目标是确定爆炸破坏的特征，以便改进对地质力学模型的输入。在可能的情况下，岩质边坡和滑坡的外部和内部损伤将被表征为损伤域，并使用损伤相互作用矩阵方法评估影响损伤的因素。将使用遥感-建模-实验相结合的方法调查在高度蚀变的天然和露天矿岩质边坡中由于地质过程而遇到的损害。拟议研究的所有组成部分都将使用多数据集可视化平台，以便对遥感和建模结果进行最佳解释。改进在不同尺度上测量、表征和模拟岩石损伤的方法的重要性，对于提高我们对岩石强度及其逐渐退化的基本理解，以及确保安全和经济的天然和工程岩石结构的影响，具有重大的潜在影响。

Damage is a fundamental component of rock failure from the micro-to the macro-scale. The proposed research seeks to develop new methods of characterizing rock damage applicable to laboratory samples, high rock slopes and underground excavations. A major focus of the research will be the extension of discrete fracture network engineering, DFNE concepts of crack intensity, crack connectivity, focused and distributed damage and critical connectivity relationships to practical rock engineering solutions. Laboratory compression and indirect tensile testing will be undertaken on a wide variety of rock types illustrating varying mineralogy and microstructure with monitoring using conventional methods and a wide range of NDT techniques including acoustic emission, acoustic velocity, high speed thermal imaging and photographic methods. The change in rock damage characteristics will be assessed in detail over the full stress-strain range. Combined brittle fracture numerical-modelling-experimental programs will be used to further our understanding of rock damage processes. Remote sensing methods combined with modified engineering geological/geomorphological mapping will be used at the full scale to characterise damage in major rock slides, large open pits, high quarry slopes and underground excavations. Research will attempt to develop face connectivity mapping methodologies suitable for damage change detection studies. DFNE methods will be applied to pre-processing of input data for brittle fracture models (FDEM, Lattice Spring) and subsequent post-processing of brittle fracture models in order to show changes in damage with stress during simulations. Case studies will be selected to allow optimal development of new methods of mapping stress-induced and blast damage including non - explosive use environments such as high natural slopes and wire saw cut high rock slopes in marble/slate quarries. Research will aim to characterize blast damage to allow improved input into geomechanical models. External and internal damage in rock slopes and landslides will be characterized where possible into damage domains and the factors influencing damage evaluated using a damage interaction matrix approach. Damage encountered due to geologic processes in highly altered natural and open pit rock slopes will be investigated using a combined remote sensing-modelling-experimental methodology. All components of the proposed research will use multi-dataset visualization platforms to allow optimal interpretation of remote sensing and modelling results. The importance of improved methods of measuring, characterizing and modelling damage in rock at varied scales has major potential impacts in improving our fundamental understanding of rock mass strength, its progressive degradation and the implications for ensuring safe and economic natural and engineered rock structures. **