Nanostructured Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells

用于燃料电池的纳米结构电催化剂

• 批准号: 436229-2013
• 负责人: Sun, Shuhui
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: Institut national de la recherche scientifique
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=666207
• 关键词: Nanostructured; Electrocatalysts; Fuel; Cells

As a clean, sustainable energy technology, direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) have emerged as highly promising power sources for portable electronic devices. However, the commercialization of DFAFCs is greatly hindered by their low catalyst performance. The present research program aims at applying nanotechnology to solve this challenge. Specifically, the focus is to increase the stability of Pd and the activity of Pt, the two most effective catalysts for DFAFCs, via the morphology- and composition-controlled synthesis of nanostructured catalysts. ** Proposed methodologies include: 1) To develop "cheaper, faster, greener" methods to tune the shapes of catalysts from the commonly obtained nanoparticles to novel nanostructures (e.g. wires, tubes and dendrites). 2) To synthesize alloys of the above nanostructures to further enhance their catalytic performance in DFAFCs (a key novelty), which have rarely been reported. 3) To evaluate their catalytic performance (activity and stability) in DFAFCs. An important effort will be made to more thoroughly understand the structure-property relations, to further optimize the activity and stability of DFAFCs. The successful completion of the proposed research is expected to lead to new and important knowledge in the fields of nanomaterials and clean energy, as well as in other industrial applications, such as sensors, oil refining, and vehicle emissions control, which also use noble metals as catalysts. This is of significant importance to the energy, environmental and manufacturing sectors of Canada. ** This research program will train 3 PhD students and 10 undergraduate students over next five years. They will gain valuable and comprehensive expertise (ranging from nanomaterials synthesis and characterization, to fuel cell applications). These HQP will contribute their expertise to the development of nanoscience and clean energy technologies that are of critical importance for the Canadian economy, environment, and society. **

直接甲酸燃料电池（DFAFC）作为一种清洁、可持续的能源技术，已成为便携式电子设备的极有前途的电源。然而，DFAFCs的低催化剂性能极大地阻碍了其商业化。目前的研究计划旨在应用纳米技术来解决这一挑战。具体而言，重点是增加Pd的稳定性和Pt的活性，这两个最有效的催化剂DFAFCs，通过形貌和组成控制合成的纳米结构催化剂。** 拟议的方法包括：1）开发“更便宜，更快，更环保”的方法来调整催化剂的形状，从通常获得的纳米颗粒到新型纳米结构（例如线，管和树枝状晶体）。2)合成上述纳米结构的合金，以进一步增强其在DFAFC中的催化性能（一个关键的新奇），这很少有报道。3)评价其在DFAFC中的催化性能（活性和稳定性）。今后的工作将是更深入地了解DFAFCs的结构与性质的关系，进一步优化DFAFCs的活性和稳定性。拟议研究的成功完成预计将导致纳米材料和清洁能源领域以及其他工业应用领域的新的重要知识，如传感器，炼油和车辆排放控制，这些也使用贵金属作为催化剂。这对加拿大的能源、环境和制造业具有重要意义。** 该研究项目将在未来五年内培养3名博士生和10名本科生。他们将获得宝贵的和全面的专业知识（从纳米材料合成和表征，燃料电池应用）。这些HQP将贡献他们的专业知识，纳米科学和清洁能源技术的发展是至关重要的加拿大经济，环境和社会。 **