Understanding the effect of biofuels on particulate emissions

了解生物燃料对颗粒物排放的影响

• 批准号: 491952-2015
• 负责人: Thomson, Murray
• 金额: $ 4.7万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=666805
• 关键词: Understanding; effect; biofuels; particulate; emissions

Vehicles are a large source of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions contributing 24% of Canada's total emissions. Typically, there are tradeoffs between GHG emissions and air pollutant emissions such as particulate matter. For example, the direct injection of fuel in gasoline spark ignition engines reduces fuel consumption (hence GHG emissions) but increases particulate emissions. Diesel compression ignition engines are more fuel efficient than gasoline spark ignition engines but form more particulate matter. One option that can reduce net GHG emissions and reduce particulate emissions is biomass derived fuels or biofuels. **Vehicles are a significant source of air pollutants and greenhouse gases. Diesel engine exhaust has been classified as carcinogenic to humans primarily due to the fine particulates it contains. Vehicles contribute 24% of Ontario's particulate matter emissions with diameters smaller than 2.5 microns which are the most hazardous. Government regulations are currently reducing vehicle particulate emissions by 70%. Many components can impact the particulate emissions including the fuel properties, ignition timing, fuel/air mixing and diesel particulate filter, among other. Engine designers need a thorough understanding of how these combustion generated particulates form in order to optimize these systems for the minimum particulate emissions while minimize fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. **This CRD proposal focuses on understanding the relationship between biofuels and particulate formation. In particular, the biofuel's chemical structure can influence particulate formation. The research conducts laboratory experimental and numerical investigations in order to understand the effect of biofuels on particulate emissions. This understanding is translated to Ford's Powertrain Engineering Research and Development Centre (PERDC) in Windsor though reports, meetings, student co-supervision and student internships at the Center. The benefits include better understanding of biofuel combustion and particulate formation; training of HQPs; and support for Canada's largest powertrain engineering research and development center.**

车辆是温室气体(GHG)排放的一大来源，占加拿大总排放量的24%。通常，温室气体排放和颗粒物等空气污染物排放之间存在权衡。例如，在汽油火花点火发动机中直接喷射燃料降低了燃油消耗(因此减少了温室气体排放)，但增加了颗粒物排放。柴油压燃式发动机比汽油火花点火发动机更省油，但会产生更多的颗粒物。一种可以减少温室气体净排放量和减少颗粒物排放的选择是生物质衍生燃料或生物燃料。**车辆是空气污染物和温室气体的重要来源。柴油发动机废气已被归类为对人类的致癌物质，主要是因为它含有细颗粒物。车辆排放的颗粒物占安大略省颗粒物排放量的24%，直径小于2.5微米的车辆是最危险的。政府法规目前将车辆颗粒物排放量减少了70%。许多组件会影响微粒排放，包括燃料特性、点火正时、燃料/空气混合和柴油微粒过滤器等。发动机设计者需要彻底了解这些燃烧产生的颗粒物是如何形成的，以便优化这些系统，以最大限度地减少颗粒物排放，同时最大限度地减少燃料消耗和二氧化碳排放。**这项CRD提案侧重于了解生物燃料和颗粒物形成之间的关系。特别是，生物燃料的化学结构会影响颗粒的形成。这项研究进行了实验室、实验和数值研究，以了解生物燃料对颗粒物排放的影响。通过报告、会议、学生共同指导和学生实习，这种理解被转化为福特位于温莎的动力总成工程研究和开发中心(PERDC)。好处包括更好地了解生物燃料燃烧和颗粒形成；培训HQP；以及支持加拿大最大的动力总成工程研发中心。