Understanding the effect of biofuels on particulate emissions

了解生物燃料对颗粒物排放的影响

基本信息

批准号：
491952-2015
负责人：
Thomson, Murray
金额：
$ 4.7万
依托单位：
University of Toronto
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Collaborative Research and Development Grants
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=666805
关键词：
Understanding effect biofuels particulate emissions

项目摘要

Vehicles are a large source of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions contributing 24% of Canada's total emissions. Typically, there are tradeoffs between GHG emissions and air pollutant emissions such as particulate matter. For example, the direct injection of fuel in gasoline spark ignition engines reduces fuel consumption (hence GHG emissions) but increases particulate emissions. Diesel compression ignition engines are more fuel efficient than gasoline spark ignition engines but form more particulate matter. One option that can reduce net GHG emissions and reduce particulate emissions is biomass derived fuels or biofuels. **Vehicles are a significant source of air pollutants and greenhouse gases. Diesel engine exhaust has been classified as carcinogenic to humans primarily due to the fine particulates it contains. Vehicles contribute 24% of Ontario's particulate matter emissions with diameters smaller than 2.5 microns which are the most hazardous. Government regulations are currently reducing vehicle particulate emissions by 70%. Many components can impact the particulate emissions including the fuel properties, ignition timing, fuel/air mixing and diesel particulate filter, among other. Engine designers need a thorough understanding of how these combustion generated particulates form in order to optimize these systems for the minimum particulate emissions while minimize fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. **This CRD proposal focuses on understanding the relationship between biofuels and particulate formation. In particular, the biofuel's chemical structure can influence particulate formation. The research conducts laboratory experimental and numerical investigations in order to understand the effect of biofuels on particulate emissions. This understanding is translated to Ford's Powertrain Engineering Research and Development Centre (PERDC) in Windsor though reports, meetings, student co-supervision and student internships at the Center. The benefits include better understanding of biofuel combustion and particulate formation; training of HQPs; and support for Canada's largest powertrain engineering research and development center.**

车辆是温室气体（GHG）排放量的重要来源，占加拿大总排放量的24％。通常，温室气体排放和空气污染物排放（例如颗粒物）之间存在权衡。例如，在汽油火花点火发动机中直接注入燃料会减少燃料消耗（因此是温室气体排放），但增加了颗粒物的排放。柴油压缩点火发动机比汽油火花点火发动机更燃油效率，但形成更多的颗粒物。一种可以减少净温室气体排放并减少颗粒排放的选择是生物量燃料或生物燃料。 **车辆是空气污染物和温室气体的重要来源。柴油发动机排气已被归类为人类的致癌，这主要是由于其含有的细微粒。车辆贡献了安大略省颗粒物排放的24％，直径小于2.5微米，这是最危险的。政府法规目前正在将车辆颗粒物排放量减少70％。许多组件都会影响颗粒排放，包括燃料特性，点火正时，燃料/空气混合和柴油颗粒过滤器等。发动机设计师需要透彻了解这些燃烧产生的颗粒方式如何为最小颗粒排放的最小颗粒排放优化，同时最大程度地减少燃油消耗和CO2排放。 **该CRD建议的重点是理解生物燃料与颗粒形成之间的关系。特别是，生物燃料的化学结构会影响颗粒形成。该研究进行实验室实验和数值研究，以了解生物燃料对颗粒排放的影响。该理解被转化为温莎福特的动力总成工程研究与开发中心（PERDC），尽管报告，会议，学生合作委员会和该中心的学生实习。好处包括更好地了解生物燃料的燃烧和颗粒形成；培训HQP；并支持加拿大最大的动力总成工程研发中心。**