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Understanding the effect of biofuels on particulate emissions

了解生物燃料对颗粒物排放的影响

基本信息

批准号：
491952-2015
负责人：
Thomson, Murray
金额：
$ 4.7万
依托单位：
University of Toronto
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Collaborative Research and Development Grants
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=666805
关键词：
Understanding effect biofuels particulate emissions

项目摘要

Vehicles are a large source of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions contributing 24% of Canada's total emissions. Typically, there are tradeoffs between GHG emissions and air pollutant emissions such as particulate matter. For example, the direct injection of fuel in gasoline spark ignition engines reduces fuel consumption (hence GHG emissions) but increases particulate emissions. Diesel compression ignition engines are more fuel efficient than gasoline spark ignition engines but form more particulate matter. One option that can reduce net GHG emissions and reduce particulate emissions is biomass derived fuels or biofuels. **Vehicles are a significant source of air pollutants and greenhouse gases. Diesel engine exhaust has been classified as carcinogenic to humans primarily due to the fine particulates it contains. Vehicles contribute 24% of Ontario's particulate matter emissions with diameters smaller than 2.5 microns which are the most hazardous. Government regulations are currently reducing vehicle particulate emissions by 70%. Many components can impact the particulate emissions including the fuel properties, ignition timing, fuel/air mixing and diesel particulate filter, among other. Engine designers need a thorough understanding of how these combustion generated particulates form in order to optimize these systems for the minimum particulate emissions while minimize fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. **This CRD proposal focuses on understanding the relationship between biofuels and particulate formation. In particular, the biofuel's chemical structure can influence particulate formation. The research conducts laboratory experimental and numerical investigations in order to understand the effect of biofuels on particulate emissions. This understanding is translated to Ford's Powertrain Engineering Research and Development Centre (PERDC) in Windsor though reports, meetings, student co-supervision and student internships at the Center. The benefits include better understanding of biofuel combustion and particulate formation; training of HQPs; and support for Canada's largest powertrain engineering research and development center.**

车辆是温室气体 (GHG) 排放的一大来源，占加拿大总排放量的 24%。通常，温室气体排放和颗粒物等空气污染物排放之间存在权衡。例如，汽油火花点火发动机中的燃料直接喷射减少了燃料消耗（因此温室气体排放），但增加了颗粒物排放。柴油压燃式发动机比汽油火花点火式发动机更省油，但会形成更多颗粒物质。可以减少温室气体净排放和颗粒物排放的一种选择是生物质衍生燃料或生物燃料。 **车辆是空气污染物和温室气体的重要来源。柴油发动机废气已被归类为对人类致癌的物质，主要是因为其中含有细颗粒物。安大略省 24% 的颗粒物排放量是由车辆排放的，直径小于 2.5 微米的颗粒物是最危险的。政府法规目前正在将车辆颗粒物排放量减少 70%。许多组件都会影响颗粒物排放，包括燃料特性、点火正时、燃料/空气混合和柴油颗粒过滤器等。发动机设计人员需要彻底了解这些燃烧产生的颗粒物是如何形成的，以便优化这些系统，以最大限度地减少颗粒物排放，同时最大限度地减少燃料消耗和二氧化碳排放。 **该 CRD 提案的重点是了解生物燃料和颗粒物形成之间的关系。特别是，生物燃料的化学结构会影响颗粒的形成。该研究进行了实验室实验和数值研究，以了解生物燃料对颗粒物排放的影响。通过报告、会议、学生共同监督和学生在温莎的动力总成工程研究与开发中心（PERDC）的实习，这种理解被转化为福特动力总成工程研究与开发中心（PERDC）。好处包括更好地了解生物燃料的燃烧和颗粒物的形成；总部人员培训；并为加拿大最大的动力总成工程研发中心提供支持。**