Enhancing the Scientific Understanding of Nanoparticle Formation in Flames

增强对火焰中纳米颗粒形成的科学理解

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04699
• 负责人: Thomson, Murray
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=685234
• 关键词: Enhancing; Scientific; Understanding; Nanoparticle; Formation

Combustion-derived nanoparticles, such as soot, are known to have adverse effects on human health and the environment. In terms of health effects, soot particles have been linked to heart and lung disease, along with various other health complications. In terms of environmental effects, soot is considered to be one of the most significant contributors to global warming, behind CO2, due to its strong radiative properties. For these reasons, stricter regulations are now targeting particulate emissions in both automotive and aviation engines.****A fundamental understanding of soot formation is needed in order to develop predictive models and better combustor designs. With stricter regulations come into place, industry has a strong desire for accurate predictive soot models to aid the design process. However there is an urgent need for a more fundamental understanding as many soot formation and oxidation processes are poorly understood. These processes include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation, soot inception, soot nucleation, soot growth by the addition of small hydrocarbon species, and soot growth by PAH adsorption on the surface.****The long term vision of my research is to develop a robust model of soot formation that can predict the mass, size distribution and aggregate structure of soot in flames. The model would need to predict how the soot formation changes as we change the flame's temperature, pressure, fuel structure, mixing and residence time. In order to achieve this, the model would need to be based on fundamental processes and avoid fitted parameters (as is the case today). Detailed experimental measurements are needed in a variety of flame conditions to investigate these processes and rigorously validate the model.****Short term objectives include (1) addressing each soot formation process that is currently not well understood, (2) developing a comprehensive dataset of soot formation for a relevant set of fuel molecules and (3) developing an experimental setup for premixed stagnation flames. Thus a model of soot formation will be developed that (1) captures the fundamental physics that is occurring and reduces the number of adjusted parameters that are currently fitted to experiments, (2) focuses on fuel molecules relevant to practical fuels and (3) is validated on a wide range of non-premixed and premixed flame experiments.****The multidisciplinary nature of soot formation makes it an excellent training area for students in the thermo-sciences research area. It provides a comprehensive background in the thermo-sciences as understanding sooting flames requires knowledge of processes such as fluid dynamics, mass and heat transfer, thermodynamics, aerosol dynamics, chemical reactions, phase change and radiation heat transfer. This opens opportunities for students in a wide range of thermo-science fields.****

众所周知，燃烧衍生的纳米颗粒对人类健康和环境有不利影响。在健康作用方面，烟灰颗粒与心脏和肺部疾病以及其他各种健康并发症有关。就环境影响而言，由于其强大的辐射特性，烟灰被认为是二氧化碳后面的全球变暖的最重要贡献者之一。 由于这些原因，更严格的法规现在是针对汽车和航空发动机中的颗粒物排放。 随着更严格的规定，行业对准确的预测烟灰模型有强烈的渴望来帮助设计过程。但是，迫切需要更基本的理解，因为许多烟灰的形成和氧化过程都了解不足。 这些过程包括多环芳烃（PAH）形成，烟灰的成立，烟灰成核，通过添加小碳氢化合物物质的烟灰生长以及在表面上通过PAH吸附而通过烟灰增长的烟灰。 该模型需要预测烟灰的形成如何改变，因为我们改变火焰的温度，压力，燃料结构，混合和停留时间。 为了实现这一目标，该模型将需要基于基本过程并避免拟合参数（如今如今）。 在各种火焰条件下需要进行详细的实验测量，以研究这些过程并严格验证模型。****短期目标包括（1）解决目前尚不清楚的每个烟灰形成过程，（2）为相关的燃料分子和（3）为实验性设置而开发烟灰的全面数据集，以开发一个相关的燃料组合。 因此，将开发出一种烟灰形成模型，（1）捕获正在发生的基本物理学，并减少当前适合实验的调整参数的数量，（2）重点介绍与实践燃料和（3）相关的燃料分子，并在非预先培训和预先培训的情况下验证了多种型号的跨度较高的跨性别性。在热学院研究区域。它提供了热态的全面背景，因为理解烟雾火焰需要了解诸如流体动力学，质量和传热，热力学，气溶胶动力学，化学反应，相变和辐射传热等过程。 这为学生在各种热科学领域中打开了机会。****