Enhacing building facade using mobile LiDAR

对生成3D模型的兴趣是由广泛的应用驱动的，例如视频游戏、虚拟、增强和混合现实、3D车辆导航、监视、可视化、城市规划、太阳能潜力分析和地理信息系统（GIS）。近年来，对包含门、窗或阳台的3D精细建筑模型的需求急剧增加。这些需求尤其来自3D GPS导航系统和谷歌Earth和Bing Maps等在线服务。**目前，自动生成盒状3D粗建筑模型是可行的。然而，这些最终的建筑模型缺乏详细的建筑立面信息，不适合需要详细的街道建筑模型的应用。创建3D详细的建筑模型仍然是一个手工和劳动密集型的过程。**激光雷达（光探测和测距）技术，已被证明对许多地理应用非常有效，如3D城市建模和渲染。当车辆以规定速度行驶时，移动激光雷达系统会收集3D和视觉数据。能够产生具有足够细节的高精度3D点，使移动**激光雷达成为生成详细3D模型的重要数据源。该项目通过将街道级移动激光雷达与谷歌Earth或其他来源的粗略建筑模型集成在一起，解决了创建3D详细建筑模型的挑战性问题。这包括将部分扫描的激光雷达数据与粗模型进行配准，并将细节从激光雷达传输到模型。**详细的建筑模型可以提高三维地图的精度，在建筑信息模型（BIM）和城市规划等方面也有许多潜在的应用。所提出的方法是一种经济有效的解决方案，自动化过程将显著提高详细3D地图生成的生产率。这一结果将对地图和导航行业、基于位置的服务提供商以及整个加拿大的社会效益产生重大的经济影响。

The interest in generating 3D models is motivated by a wide range of applications, such as video games,**Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality, 3D vehicle navigation, surveillance, visualization, urban planning,**solar potential analysis, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). In recent years, the demand for 3D**detailed building models containing doors, windows or balconies has dramatically increased. These needs arise**particularly from 3D GPS navigation systems and on-line services such as Google Earth and Bing Maps.**Currently, automatic generation of box-like 3D coarse building models is viable. However, these resultant**building models lack detailed building facade information and are not suitable for applications where detailed**building models at street level is required. The creation of 3D detailed building models is still a manual and**labor-intensive process.**LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) technology, has proven very effective for many geo-applications such**as 3D urban modeling and rendering. Mobile LiDAR systems collect 3D and visual data while vehicles drive at**a posted speed. The ability of producing highly accurate 3D points with sufficient detail make the mobile**LiDAR a great data source for detailed 3D model generation. This project addresses challenging problems in**creating 3D detailed building models by integrating street-level mobile LiDAR with coarse building models**from Google Earth or other sources. This includes registration of partially scanned LiDAR data with coarse**models and detail transfer from LiDAR to the models.**The detailed building models can improve 3D map accuracy and also have many potential applications in**building information modeling (BIM) and urban planning etc. The proposed approach is a cost-effective**solution and the automated process will significantly improve productivity of detailed 3D map generation. The**results will have a substantial economic impact on the mapping and navigation industry, location-based service**providers, as well as social benefits to Canada as a whole.