Enhacing building facade using mobile LiDAR

人们对生成3D模型的兴趣来自于广泛的应用，如视频游戏、虚拟、增强和混合现实、3D车辆导航、监视、可视化、城市规划、太阳能电势分析和地理信息系统(GIS)。近年来，对包含门、窗或阳台的3D详细建筑模型的需求急剧增加。这些需求尤其来自3D GPS导航系统和在线服务，如Google Earth和Bing地图。目前，自动生成盒状3D粗略建筑模型是可行的。然而，这些结果建筑模型缺乏详细的建筑立面信息，不适合需要街道水平的详细建筑模型的应用。创建3D细节建筑模型仍然是一个人工和劳动密集型的过程。LiDAR(光检测和测距)技术已经被证明对于许多地理应用非常有效，例如3D城市建模和渲染。当车辆以公布的速度行驶时，移动激光雷达系统收集3D和视觉数据。生成具有足够细节的高精度3D点的能力使MobileLiDAR成为生成详细3D模型的很好的数据源。该项目通过将街面级移动LiDAR与来自Google Earth或其他来源的粗略建筑模型进行集成，解决了增加3D详细建筑模型的挑战性问题。这包括将部分扫描的LiDAR数据与粗模型配准以及细节从LiDAR到模型的传输。详细的建筑模型可以提高3D地图的精度，在建筑信息建模(BIM)和城市规划等方面也有许多潜在的应用。这些结果将对地图和导航行业、基于位置的服务提供商以及整个加拿大的社会利益产生重大的经济影响。

The interest in generating 3D models is motivated by a wide range of applications, such as video games,Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality, 3D vehicle navigation, surveillance, visualization, urban planning,solar potential analysis, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). In recent years, the demand for 3Ddetailed building models containing doors, windows or balconies has dramatically increased. These needs ariseparticularly from 3D GPS navigation systems and on-line services such as Google Earth and Bing Maps.Currently, automatic generation of box-like 3D coarse building models is viable. However, these resultantbuilding models lack detailed building facade information and are not suitable for applications where detailedbuilding models at street level is required. The creation of 3D detailed building models is still a manual andlabor-intensive process.LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) technology, has proven very effective for many geo-applications suchas 3D urban modeling and rendering. Mobile LiDAR systems collect 3D and visual data while vehicles drive ata posted speed. The ability of producing highly accurate 3D points with sufficient detail make the mobileLiDAR a great data source for detailed 3D model generation. This project addresses challenging problems increating 3D detailed building models by integrating street-level mobile LiDAR with coarse building modelsfrom Google Earth or other sources. This includes registration of partially scanned LiDAR data with coarsemodels and detail transfer from LiDAR to the models.The detailed building models can improve 3D map accuracy and also have many potential applications inbuilding information modeling (BIM) and urban planning etc. The proposed approach is a cost-effectivesolution and the automated process will significantly improve productivity of detailed 3D map generation. Theresults will have a substantial economic impact on the mapping and navigation industry, location-based serviceproviders, as well as social benefits to Canada as a whole.