Development of Acoustical Oceanographic Techniques

声学海洋学技术的发展

• 批准号: 194271-2012
• 负责人: Zedel, Len
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: Memorial University of Newfoundland
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=669598
• 关键词: Development; Acoustical; Oceanographic; Techniques

Sound can travel much greater distances underwater than radio waves. As a result, applications which use radio waves in the air, such as radar, must use sound in the ocean. That fact, along with advances in small, high performance computing systems, is making many new applications of underwater acoustic systems possible.** This research program seeks to explore opportunities using underwater sound - specifically the technique of Doppler sonar - in oceanographic studies. Applying the same principles used by police radar, Doppler sonar systems are routinely used for measuring water currents. We propose to apply existing Doppler systems to new applications and to develop new Doppler systems for use where existing technology is inadequate.** Three new areas of velocity measurement are considered in this research program; near bottom speeds, fish speed measurements, and water speeds where deep-water corals occur. New instruments are being developed to measure water velocity in the 10 cm above the ocean floor. Such near bottom measurements are not possible with existing instrumentation, but they are needed to understand the erosion of beaches in storms and to predict the movement of silt that must be dredged from harbours. Existing Doppler systems normally exclude signals from fish, but by analysing those signals, it is possible to extract fish swimming velocity; such a capability would provide fisheries regulators with valuable data on the movement of fish populations. A third area of application is the measurement of ocean currents where deep-water corals occur at depths between 300 m and 2500 m on the east coast of Canada. An improved understanding of the environment needed for deep-water coral growth is essential to developing management strategies that can limit damage caused by offshore fishing.** The results of the proposed research will impact future policy and regulations important to Canada; measurement of sand movement is central to harbour maintenance programs, sustainable fisheries require informed management, and protection of deep water coral habitat is needed to maintain healthy ocean ecosystems.********************

声音在水下传播的距离比无线电波要远得多。因此，使用空中无线电波的应用，如雷达，必须使用海洋中的声音。这一事实，加上小型高性能计算系统的进步，使水声系统的许多新应用成为可能。**本研究计划旨在探索在海洋学研究中使用水下声音-特别是多普勒声纳技术的机会。应用与警用雷达相同的原理，多普勒声纳系统通常用于测量水流。我们建议将现有的多普勒系统应用于新的应用，并开发新的多普勒系统用于现有技术不足的地方。**本研究计划考虑了三个新的速度测量领域；近海底航速，鱼类航速测量，深水珊瑚出现的水域航速。人们正在研制新的仪器来测量海底以上10厘米处的水流速度。这种接近海底的测量是不可能用现有的仪器来实现的，但它们对于了解风暴对海滩的侵蚀和预测必须从港口疏浚的淤泥的运动是必要的。现有的多普勒系统通常会排除来自鱼类的信号，但通过分析这些信号，可以提取鱼类的游动速度；这种能力将为渔业管理人员提供有关鱼类种群流动的宝贵数据。第三个应用领域是测量加拿大东海岸300米至2500米深处的深海珊瑚的洋流。更好地了解深水珊瑚生长所需的环境，对于制定能够限制近海捕鱼造成损害的管理战略至关重要。**拟议的研究结果将影响对加拿大重要的未来政策和法规；测量沙子的运动是港口维护计划的核心，可持续渔业需要知情的管理，保护深水珊瑚栖息地是维持健康的海洋生态系统的必要条件。********************