Method and System for Denoising Amplification of a Signal

噪声问题在科学和工程领域中普遍存在，最终限制了检测弱信号的能力。特别地，非常弱的信号可能在背景噪声中丢失，在该点处，常规（有源）放大方法（其中通过注入附加能量来增加信号的强度）不能适当地放大有噪声的信号，因为背景噪声沿着感兴趣的信号被放大，同时还增加了附加噪声。在这种情况下，必须采用噪声减轻技术来从噪声中恢复信号。这通常使用带通滤波器来完成，该滤波器仅允许特定频带内的能量通过，而其他频率分量被丢弃。然而，这种技术存在两个特定的问题：由非常少的频率组成的信号，对应于缓慢的时间变化（窄带信号），以及由非常大的频率集合组成的信号，对应于超快时变信号（宽带信号）。对于窄带信号的情况，典型的带通滤波器具有关于通带的最小宽度的限制。因此，由于滤波器的通带不能与感兴趣的信号的通带匹配，因此噪声减轻不是最佳的。对于宽带信号的情况，大部分噪声包含在信号本身的频带内（所谓的带内噪声），使得对该噪声进行滤波将导致信号失真。带内噪声抑制一直是信号处理领域的一个长期问题，本文提出了一种新的信号去噪放大系统，该系统可以重新配置为在时域（适用于窄带信号）或谱域（适用于宽带信号的带内噪声）中起作用。市场研究将有助于确定拟议技术的最直接利益的应用，即，确认具体的加拿大和外国公司，我们可以与技术转让和技术的商业化。

The problem of noise is ubiquitous in fields of science and engineering, ultimately limiting the capability to detect weak signals. In particular, very weak signals can be lost in background noise, at which point conventional (active) amplification methods, where the intensity of a signal is increased by injecting additional energy, fail to properly amplify a noisy signal since the background noise is amplified along with the signal of interest, while also adding additional noise. In this case, noise mitigation techniques must be employed to recover the signal from noise. This is often done using a band-pass filter, which lets only the energy within a particular frequency band go through, whereas the other frequency components are discarded. However, there are two particular regimes that are problematic with this technique: signals that are made up of very few frequencies, corresponding to slow temporal variations (narrowband signals), and signals that are made up of a very large collection of frequencies, corresponding to ultra-fast time varying signals (broadband signals). For the case of narrowband signals, typical band pass filters have a limitation with respect to the minimum width of the pass-band. Therefore, noise mitigation is not optimal since the pass band of the filter cannot match that of the signal of interest. For the case of broadband signals, much of the noise is contained within the frequency band of the signal itself (the so-called in-band noise), such that filtering this noise would lead to a distortion of the signal. The subject of in-band noise mitigation has been a long-lasting problem in the field of signal processing.Here we propose a novel system for denoising amplification of a signal, which can be reconfigured to act either in the temporal domain, where it is appropriate for narrowband signals, or in the spectral domain, where it is appropriate to mitigate in-band noise of broadband signals. The market study will help in identifying the applications of most immediate interest for the proposed technology, i.e., to confirm the specific Canadian and foreign companies we could work with for a technology transfer and commercialization of the technology.