Developing and Applying New Approaches to Air Pollution Exposure Measurement for Individuals and Populations

开发和应用个人和人群空气污染暴露测量的新方法

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-03744
• 负责人: Weichenthal, Scott
• 金额: $ 1.53万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=677764
• 关键词: Developing; Applying; New; Approaches; Air

Cutting edge research happens at the intersection of complementary disciplines. In the context of air pollution exposure modeling, the rapid emergence of smart phone technologies has created exciting opportunities to further our understanding of how individual mobility patterns impact exposures. In addition, new chemical assays are available that may provide more meaningful exposure information for particulate pollutants than traditional mass-based measurements. However, we have yet to realize the full potential of these new technologies and further research is needed to seamlessly integrate these data streams to better understand individual and population-level exposures to air pollution.******My long-term research program has two main themes: 1) Developing tools to support mobility-based air pollution exposure assessment; 2) Applying new chemical assays to better understand components of fine particles (PM2.5) that contribute to oxidative stress in biological systems. These themes are multi-disciplinary in nature and are supported by ongoing collaborations with atmospheric chemists, civil engineers, and geographers. Over the next 5-years, two short-term projects are planned. First, the MAPLE (Mobility-based Air PoLlution Exposure) project will extend the capabilities of an existing smart phone application (DataMobile; developed by Dr. Zachary Patterson, Concordia University) to include estimation of both short and long-term air pollution exposures by mapping subject trajectories to exposure surfaces for particulate air pollutants. Anonymous data will be collected to evaluate how activity patterns influence air pollution exposures and how these patterns vary by neighbourhood characteristics and other factors. A validation study will also be conducted to compare mobility-based exposure estimates to “gold-standard” personal exposures. Second, I will expand the ongoing SPARTAN (Surface PARTiculate mAtter Network) project to include measurements of PM2.5 oxidative potential at 13 locations around the globe. Recent evidence suggests that PM2.5 oxidative potential (i.e. the ability of PM2.5 to cause oxidative stress) may be a more biologically relevant exposure compared to traditional mass-based measurements. Incorporating this parameter into SPARTAN will allow us to evaluate which components of PM2.5 are the most important predictors of oxidative potential around the world. ******My research program will advance the state of the art in air pollution exposure science by incorporating mobility information into personal exposure assessment and by moving beyond traditional mass-based measurements for particulate air pollution. I will develop cost-effective tools to inform the public, support large-scale population-based exposure assessment, and provide an ongoing source of data for future academic endeavors. I will also train a number of highly quality personnel.**

尖端研究发生在互补学科的交叉点。在空气污染暴露建模的背景下，智能手机技术的迅速出现为我们进一步了解个人移动模式如何影响暴露创造了令人兴奋的机会。此外，新的化学分析可以提供比传统的基于质量的测量更有意义的颗粒污染物暴露信息。然而，我们还没有意识到这些新技术的全部潜力，需要进一步的研究来无缝集成这些数据流，以更好地了解个人和人口水平的空气污染暴露。我的长期研究计划有两个主题：1）开发工具，以支持基于流动性的空气污染暴露评估; 2）应用新的化学分析，以更好地了解细颗粒物（PM2.5）的成分，有助于生物系统中的氧化应激。这些主题本质上是多学科的，并得到了与大气化学家，土木工程师和地理学家的持续合作的支持。在未来五年内，计划开展两个短期项目。首先，MAPLE（基于移动性的空气污染暴露）项目将扩展现有智能手机应用程序（DataMobile;由Concordia大学的Zachary Patterson博士开发）的功能，以通过将受试者轨迹映射到颗粒空气污染物暴露表面来估计短期和长期的空气污染暴露。将收集匿名数据，以评估活动模式如何影响空气污染暴露，以及这些模式如何因邻里特征和其他因素而变化。还将进行一项验证研究，将基于流动性的接触估计数与“金标准”个人接触进行比较。第二，我将扩大正在进行的SPARTAN（表面粒子网络）项目，包括在地球仪周围的13个地点测量PM2.5的氧化潜力。最近的证据表明，与传统的基于质量的测量相比，PM2.5氧化潜力（即PM2.5引起氧化应激的能力）可能是一种更具生物学相关性的暴露。将此参数转换为SPARTAN将使我们能够评估PM2.5的哪些成分是世界各地氧化潜力的最重要预测因素。** 我的研究计划将通过将流动性信息纳入个人暴露评估，并超越传统的基于质量的颗粒空气污染测量，推进空气污染暴露科学的最新发展。我将开发具有成本效益的工具来告知公众，支持大规模基于人群的暴露评估，并为未来的学术努力提供持续的数据来源。 我还将培养一批高素质的人才。**