A systems approach to maximizing emission reductions through bio-based products

生物经济使用可再生生物质，包括森林木材和农业残留物，作为材料，化学品，燃料和能源的原料。 循环经济优先考虑材料的回收和再利用，用于额外的增值应用或能源生产，以减少浪费。 该提案将这两个概念联系起来，探索循环生物经济作为减少加拿大温室气体排放的工具，同时扩大我们对可再生和可持续原料的使用。 循环生物经济概念解决了与生物经济相关的两个关键问题：缺乏足够的原料来满足我们所有的材料，化学品和能源需求，以及种植和利用这些原料的成本。 通过应用循环方法，可用于支持生物经济的有效生物量被放大：一吨生物质可用于连续应用，并提供多个生命周期的服务价值。 这也意味着生物质的有效成本应该在使用的基础上降低。 * * 拟议的研究计划探讨了加拿大背景下的循环生物经济概念。 我们将首先看看目前在加拿大生产的一系列材料生物产品，我们将对我们目前使用这些材料造成回收和再利用障碍的方式进行分类。 例如，建筑中使用的木材可能会被油漆，涂层，钉，或以其他方式修改，使其难以采取生物质并将其投入另一种应用。 我们将确定解决方案来帮助解决这些障碍：更好的实践，不同类型的涂层，以及支持材料最终再利用于其他增值应用的设计理念。 然后，我们将开始组装一系列潜在的产品“级联”-根据其材料特性和要求连接不同的生物产品。 例如，有可能将木材转化为面板产品;有可能将这些面板转化为可用于制造车身部件的生物复合材料;有可能将生物复合材料转化为包装材料，并最终在我们使用完这些材料时从这些材料中回收能量。 可供选择的方案范围很广;拟议的研究计划将汇集一些这些方案，以供进一步评估。建议的研究计划将直接涉及3名HQP的培训，并间接涉及多名其他HQP。 我们将使用先进的工具，包括生命周期评估和技术经济分析，以进一步研究这些产品级联，最终使我们能够为加拿大的不同地区选择最佳的解决方案。 这些研究结果将用于为政策建议提供信息，并为加拿大向循环生物经济的转变提供信息。

The bioeconomy uses renewable biomass, including wood from forests and residues from agriculture, as a feedstock for materials, chemicals, fuels, and energy. The circular economy prioritizes the recovery and reuse of materials, either for additional value-added applications or for energy generation in order to reduce waste. This proposal links these two concepts to explore the circular bioeconomy as a tool to reduce Canada's greenhouse gas emissions while expanding our use of renewable and sustainable feedstocks. The circular bioeconomy concept addresses two critical concerns related to the bioeconomy: the lack of enough feedstock to meet all of our material, chemical, and energy needs, and the cost of growing and utilizing these feedstocks. By applying the circular approach, the effective amount of biomass available to support the bioeconomy is magnified: one tonne of biomass can be used in sequential applications and provide multiple lifetimes worth of service. This also means that the effective cost of biomass should be reduced on the basis of use. ******The proposed research program explores the concept of the circular bioeconomy in the Canadian context. We will first look at a series of material bioproducts that are currently being made in Canada and we will categorize the ways in which our current use of these materials creates barriers to recovery and reuse. For example, lumber that is used in construction may be painted, coated, nailed, or otherwise modified in ways that make it difficult to take that biomass and put it into another application. We will identify solutions to help address these barriers: better practices, different types of coatings, and a design philosophy that would support the ultimate reuse of the material for other value-added applications. We will then start to assemble a series of potential product 'cascades' - connecting different bioproducts based on their material characteristics and requirements. For example, it may be possible to turn lumber into panel products; it might be possible to turn those panels into biocomposites that can be used to make autobody parts; it might be possible to convert the biocomposites into packaging material, and ultimately to recover energy from those materials when we are finished using them. A wide range of options are available; the proposed research program will assemble a number of these options for further assessment.******The proposed program of research will involved training of 3 HQP directly, and multiple other HQP indirectly. We will use advanced tools including life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis to further examine these product cascades, ultimately allowing us to choose optimal solutions for different parts of Canada. Those findings will be used to inform policy recommendations and inform Canada's shift to the circular bioeconomy.******