Bio-physical modeling of freshwater fish habitats.

淡水鱼类栖息地的生物物理模型。

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-05427
• 负责人: Boisclair, Daniel
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: Université de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=681387
• 关键词: Bio; physical; modeling; freshwater; fish

***The knowledge that humans have about living organisms is measured largely by the extent to which we understand how many organisms there are, where they are located, and what will be their future abundance and distribution. The general objective of my research program is to contribute to a better understanding of the distribution of organisms. This general objective is achieved by studying fish living in rivers and lakes because a number of indications suggest that human activities particularly affect fish from these ecosystems.***Fish habitats may be defined as areas required by fish to carry out their life processes (survival, growth, and reproduction). Habitat loss has been identified as the major cause of the decline of freshwater fish populations. Human activities, from urbanisation to industrial development, may be expected to continue infringing on aquatic ecosystems. The number, and the surface area, of freshwater ecosystems impacted by human-induced disturbances may be expected to increase. Preserving or restoring habitats, and therefore, conserving or re-establishing fish populations, require knowledge about what makes a good habitat for fish.***Habitat models are mathematical relationships between elements that describe the wellbeing of fish populations at a series of sites, and the environmental conditions found at these sites. Developing these models requires the estimation of elements that describe the wellbeing of populations and the environmental conditions that allow fish to thrive. The abundance of fish populations at sites has been taken as an index of the well being of populations at these sites, but habitat models that attempt to predict fish abundance do not always perform well. It has been suggested that this may be related to the inadequate estimation of fish abundance at sites. However, it has also been argued that other indices of fish wellbeing would be more appropriate. These refer to elements such as fish growth, behaviour, or physiology. The specific objective of my research program is to conduct laboratory experiments and field observations to find solutions to problems that impede the development valid habitat models. It is expected that, once these models are developed, they can allow us, to identify what can be done to maintain, or improve, the condition of fish populations and, to predict, and eventually minimize, the effects of human activities on fish populations.*** **

*人类对活的有机体的了解在很大程度上取决于我们对有机体的数量、位置以及它们未来的丰度和分布的了解程度。我的研究计划的总体目标是帮助更好地了解有机体的分布。这一总体目标是通过研究生活在河流和湖泊中的鱼类实现的，因为许多迹象表明，人类活动特别影响来自这些生态系统的鱼类。*鱼类栖息地可被定义为鱼类进行其生命过程(生存、生长和繁殖)所需的区域。栖息地丧失已被确定为淡水鱼数量下降的主要原因。从城市化到工业发展，人类活动可能会继续侵犯水生生态系统。受人为干扰影响的淡水生态系统的数量和表面积可能会增加。保护或恢复栖息地，因此，保护或重建鱼类种群，需要了解什么是鱼类良好的栖息地。*生境模型是描述一系列地点的鱼类种群健康的要素与这些地点的环境条件之间的数学关系。开发这些模型需要对描述种群福祉和允许鱼类繁衍的环境条件的要素进行估计。这些地点的鱼类种群丰度一直被视为这些地点人口福祉的指数，但试图预测鱼类丰度的栖息地模型并不总是表现良好。有人提出，这可能与对地点鱼类丰度的估计不足有关。然而，也有人认为，其他衡量鱼类健康状况的指数会更合适。这些因素指的是鱼类的生长、行为或生理。我的研究计划的具体目标是进行实验室实验和实地观察，以找到阻碍开发有效栖息地模型的问题的解决方案。预计，一旦这些模型被开发出来，它们可以让我们确定可以做些什么来维持或改善鱼类种群的状况，并预测并最终将人类活动对鱼类种群的影响降至最低。