Factors associated with intra-mammary infections dynamic and development of tailored sampling strategies and analytical methods.

与乳房内感染动态相关的因素以及定制采样策略和分析方法的开发。

• 批准号: 435637-2013
• 负责人: Dufour, Simon
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: Université de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=683095
• 关键词: Factors; associated; intra; mammary; infections

Mastitis, an inflammation of the mammary gland most often resulting from a bacterial infection, is a multi-faceted disease and is one of the most expensive dairy cow health problems. The estimated cost of mastitis for Canadian dairy producers is approximately $300 million per year. Mastitis reduces milk yield of dairy cows and affects animal welfare with clearly visible and measurable signs of sickness and discomfort. Furthermore, antibiotics treatments used to treat and prevent mastitis represent a very large proportion of the antibiotics used on Canadian dairies and constitute a risk of residues in the milk supply that could be a threat for public health. Finally, there is currently no gold standard test to diagnose intramammary infections (IMI) and this later aspect has important repercussions both in research and in practice. The long term objectives of the current research program are to further improve our understanding of mastitis pathogens epidemiology and to develop novel tools for monitoring IMI dynamic on dairies. We first propose to quantitatively evaluate the effect of different sampling protocols on the validity of the results commonly presented in udder health research. This first objective will allow the definition of clear sampling strategy guidelines for longitudinal udder health research, an aspect that is currently cruelly missing to the mastitis scientific community. Novel analytical methods will then be developed and proposed to control potential remaining biases and improve the validity and comparability of udder health research results. The general principles highlighted in this part of the research program should also be very useful for research in various health disciplines. Secondly, research will be conducted to further extend our understanding of mastitis pathogens epidemiology. As a first step, research on risk factors associated with recurrence of clinical mastitis will be conducted. Results from this study will generate the fundamental knowledge needed to better control mastitis on dairies and will have a profound impact on the Canadian dairy industry by mitigating the important costs associated with mastitis, by improving welfare of dairy cows, and by reducing the use of antibiotics.

乳腺炎是一种最常见的由细菌感染引起的乳腺炎症，是一种多方面的疾病，也是最昂贵的奶牛健康问题之一。据估计，加拿大乳制品生产商每年因乳腺炎造成的损失约为 3 亿美元。乳腺炎会降低奶牛的产奶量，并通过清晰可见且可测量的疾病和不适迹象影响动物福利。此外，用于治疗和预防乳腺炎的抗生素治疗占加拿大乳制品厂使用的抗生素的很大一部分，并构成牛奶供应中残留的风险，这可能对公众健康构成威胁。最后，目前还没有诊断乳房内感染（IMI）的金标准测试，这一点在研究和实践中都具有重要影响。 当前研究计划的长期目标是进一步提高我们对乳腺炎病原体流行病学的了解，并开发监测乳制品 IMI 动态的新工具。我们首先建议定量评估不同采样方案对乳房健康研究中常见结果有效性的影响。第一个目标将为纵向乳房健康研究定义清晰的采样策略指南，这是乳腺炎科学界目前严重缺失的一个方面。然后将开发并提出新的分析方法，以控制潜在的剩余偏差并提高乳房健康研究结果的有效性和可比性。研究计划的这一部分强调的一般原则对于各个健康学科的研究也应该非常有用。其次，将进行研究以进一步扩大我们对乳腺炎病原体流行病学的了解。第一步，将对与临床乳腺炎复发相关的危险因素进行研究。这项研究的结果将产生更好地控制奶牛场乳腺炎所需的基础知识，并将通过减轻与乳腺炎相关的重要成本、改善奶牛的福利以及减少抗生素的使用，对加拿大乳制品行业产生深远的影响。