Inducing the use of specific information for face recognition tasks

诱导使用特定信息进行人脸识别任务

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04777
• 负责人: Gosselin, Frédéric
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: Université de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=683488
• 关键词: Inducing; use; specific; information; face

Faces communicate information from which we can quickly infer the gender, the state of mind, the age and the identity of our peers, and adjust our behavior accordingly. In my past research funded by NSERC Discover Grants, I have examined how the human brain performs these feats using a combination of psychophysical, neuropsychological, brain imaging and computational modeling methods. One aspect that I've become increasingly interested in is the correlation between the strategies employed by individuals to resolve these tasks and different dependant measures such as task performance. The main goal of this research proposal is to go beyond such correlational links and establish causal links. Specifically, I propose to induce specific visual strategies in subjects and to examine the impact of this experimental manipulation on the relevant dependant variables. To illustrate, I recently discovered that use of the eye on the left side of face stimuli during a gender discrimination task was positively correlated with performance, while utilization of the eye on the right side of face stimuli was not correlated with performance. Following this, I have induced via operant conditionning the use of the left eye in one group of subjects and the use of the right eye in another group of subjects. I found that gender discrimination performance improved more in the former subject group than in the latter. Therefore, in this task, the use of the left eye is causally linked with performance. This research proposal has three specific aims: 1) Test and develop methods for inducing the use of specific visual information. 2) Examine the nature of the links between information usage and various dependent measures. 3) Reveal the visual strategy of observers with outstanding face recognition abilities and induce this strategy in observers with extremely poor face recognition abilities. These advances should also lead to a means for individuals with jobs requiring strong face processing such as police officers, security agents, and customs officials to improve their abilities. Thus, the outcomes of this project are expected to fundamentally advance our understanding of key issues in perception while also having a valuable impact on health, well-being, and national security.

面孔传递信息，我们可以根据这些信息快速推断出同龄人的性别、心理状态、年龄和身份，并据此调整我们的行为。在我过去由NSERC发现赠款资助的研究中，我结合心理物理、神经心理学、脑成像和计算建模方法研究了人脑是如何完成这些壮举的。我越来越感兴趣的一个方面是，个人用来解决这些任务的策略与任务绩效等不同依赖指标之间的相关性。这项研究建议的主要目标是超越这种相关性联系，并建立因果联系。具体地说，我建议在被试中诱导特定的视觉策略，并检验这种实验操作对相关依赖变量的影响。为了说明这一点，我最近发现，在性别歧视任务中，使用左侧面部刺激的眼睛与表现呈正相关，而使用右侧面部刺激的眼睛与表现无关。在此之后，我通过手术条件诱导在一组受试者中使用左眼，在另一组受试者中使用右眼。我发现前一组受试者的性别歧视表现比后一组有更大的改善。因此，在这项任务中，左眼的使用与成绩是有因果关系的。这项研究计划有三个具体目标：1)测试和开发诱导特定视觉信息使用的方法。2)检查信息使用与各种依赖措施之间的联系的性质。3)揭示了人脸识别能力突出的观察者的视觉策略，并在人脸识别能力极差的观察者身上归纳出这一策略。这些进展还应该为警察、安全人员和海关官员等需要强大人脸处理能力的个人提供一种提高能力的手段。因此，该项目的成果有望从根本上促进我们对认知上的关键问题的理解，同时也对健康、福祉和国家安全产生宝贵的影响。