Metallogeny of convergent and collisional plate margins through geological time

地质时期的会聚和碰撞板块边缘的成矿作用：***会聚和碰撞构造板块边缘，即一个板块俯冲到另一个板块下方或与另一个板块碰撞的地方，是地壳物质返回地幔的唯一位置。这些物质包括水、硫和氯等挥发物，它们对于地幔岩浆中金属的溶解和运输至关重要，并且在进入上地壳时，它们会作为热液从这些岩浆中再次溶解。斑岩铜±钼±金和浅热液金±铜矿床形成于这些流体的流动足够集中和大量的地方，导致矿石矿物以经济浓度沉淀。尽管近年来在矿石沉积过程方面取得了重大进展，但人们对产生“肥沃”岩浆（即有可能形成矿床的岩浆）的潜在岩浆和构造过程还不太了解，也不太能很好地融入成矿模型中。该提案的目的是汇集并扩展对俯冲带和碰撞带构造以及岩浆作用的研究，重点是限制影响金属行为的过程。这是一项艰巨的任务，我将与其他具有专业知识的研究人员合作来实现这些目标。具体研究领域包括： 地球系统尺度的显生宙俯冲和俯冲后成矿过程；岩浆弧下地壳根部的成矿作用，在罕见的暴露中可以观察到地幔衍生金属深加工的证据；以及稀有的前寒武纪斑岩矿床，它们可能保存了地质时期构造岩浆过程变化的证据，及其对成矿的影响。******这项研究对于勘探和发现铜、钼、金和其他金属的新资源具有重要意义，这些金属对现代社会的维持和发展至关重要。尽管勘探支出增加，这些金属的经济矿床的发现率仍在下降，业界正在寻找新的概念和更好的模型来帮助预测矿床的出现，特别是在以前被忽视或覆盖的地体中。拟议研究的区域范围提供了有关岩浆和火山弧前景的基本信息，可用于在成熟矿带中制定新颖的勘探策略，并优先考虑和集中在新区域进行勘探。并行研究（不属于本提案的一部分）更进一步考虑采矿对环境和社会经济的影响。

Metallogeny of convergent and collisional plate margins through geological time:***Convergent and collisional tectonic plate margins, where one plate subducts beneath or collides with another, are the only locations where crustal materials are returned to the mantle. These materials include volatiles such as water, sulfur, and chlorine, which are critical for the solubilization and transport of metals in mantle-derived magmas, and which are exsolved again as hydrothermal fluids from those magmas upon emplacement in the upper crust. Porphyry Cu±Mo±Au and epithermal Au±Cu ore deposits are formed where the flow of these fluids is sufficiently focused and voluminous to result in precipitation of ore minerals in economic concentrations. While major advances have been made in recent years relating to ore depositional processes, the underlying magmatic and tectonic processes that give rise to “fertile” magmas (i.e., magmas with the potential to form ore deposits) are less well understood, and less well integrated into metallogenic models. The objective of this proposal is to draw together and extend research on subduction and collision zone tectonics and magmatism, with a focus on constraining the processes that affect the behaviour of metals. This is a large endeavour, and I will work collaboratively with other researchers with specialist expertise to achieve these goals. Specific areas of research will be: Phanerozoic subduction and post-subduction ore-forming processes at an Earth-system scale; the metallogeny of the lower crustal roots of magmatic arcs, where evidence for deep processing of mantle-derived metals can be observed in rare exposures; and rare Precambrian porphyry deposits that may preserve evidence of changing tectonomagmatic processes over geological time, and their effects on metallogeny.******This research has significance for the exploration and discovery of new resources of Cu, Mo, Au, and other metals, which are critical for the maintenance and growth of modern society. Discovery rates of economic deposits of these metals are falling despite increased exploration expenditures, and the industry is looking for new concepts and better models that can help predict the occurrence of ore deposits, especially in previously overlooked or covered terranes. The regional scope of the proposed research provides fundamental information about the prospectivity of magmas and volcanic arcs, which can be used to develop novel exploration strategies in mature mineral belts, and to prioritize and focus exploration in new regions. Parallel research (not part of this proposal) takes this a step further to also consider the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of mining.