Metallogeny of convergent and collisional plate margins through geological time

会聚和碰撞板块边缘在地质时期的成矿作用：***会聚和碰撞板块边缘，一个板块俯冲到另一个板块之下或与另一个板块碰撞，是地壳物质返回地幔的唯一位置。这些物质包括挥发性物质，如水、硫和氯，它们对地幔岩浆中金属的溶解和运输至关重要，在地幔岩浆侵位后，它们又以热液的形式从地幔岩浆中溶解出来。斑岩型Cu±Mo±Au和浅成热液型Au±Cu矿床形成于这些流体流动足够集中且体积足够大，从而导致经济浓度的矿石沉淀的地方。虽然近年来在矿床过程方面取得了重大进展，但对产生“肥沃”岩浆（即有可能形成矿床的岩浆）的潜在岩浆和构造过程了解较少，也没有很好地纳入成矿模式。这一建议的目的是汇集和扩展对俯冲和碰撞带构造和岩浆作用的研究，重点是限制影响金属行为的过程。这是一项巨大的努力，我将与其他具有专业知识的研究人员合作，以实现这些目标。具体的研究领域将是：地球系统尺度上显生宙俯冲和俯冲后的成矿过程；岩浆弧下地壳根部的成矿作用，在罕见的暴露中可以观察到地幔源金属深加工的证据；稀有的前寒武纪斑岩矿床可能保存了地质时期构造岩浆过程变化及其对成矿作用影响的证据。******本研究对Cu、Mo、Au等金属新资源的勘探和发现具有重要意义，对现代社会的维持和发展至关重要。尽管勘探支出有所增加，但这些金属的经济矿床的发现率却在下降，该行业正在寻找新的概念和更好的模型，以帮助预测矿床的出现，特别是在以前被忽视或覆盖的地块。研究的区域范围为岩浆和火山弧的找矿前景提供了基础信息，可用于制定成熟矿带的新勘探策略，以及确定新区域的勘探优先级和重点。平行研究（不属于本提案的一部分）进一步考虑了采矿对环境和社会经济的影响。

Metallogeny of convergent and collisional plate margins through geological time:***Convergent and collisional tectonic plate margins, where one plate subducts beneath or collides with another, are the only locations where crustal materials are returned to the mantle. These materials include volatiles such as water, sulfur, and chlorine, which are critical for the solubilization and transport of metals in mantle-derived magmas, and which are exsolved again as hydrothermal fluids from those magmas upon emplacement in the upper crust. Porphyry Cu±Mo±Au and epithermal Au±Cu ore deposits are formed where the flow of these fluids is sufficiently focused and voluminous to result in precipitation of ore minerals in economic concentrations. While major advances have been made in recent years relating to ore depositional processes, the underlying magmatic and tectonic processes that give rise to “fertile” magmas (i.e., magmas with the potential to form ore deposits) are less well understood, and less well integrated into metallogenic models. The objective of this proposal is to draw together and extend research on subduction and collision zone tectonics and magmatism, with a focus on constraining the processes that affect the behaviour of metals. This is a large endeavour, and I will work collaboratively with other researchers with specialist expertise to achieve these goals. Specific areas of research will be: Phanerozoic subduction and post-subduction ore-forming processes at an Earth-system scale; the metallogeny of the lower crustal roots of magmatic arcs, where evidence for deep processing of mantle-derived metals can be observed in rare exposures; and rare Precambrian porphyry deposits that may preserve evidence of changing tectonomagmatic processes over geological time, and their effects on metallogeny.******This research has significance for the exploration and discovery of new resources of Cu, Mo, Au, and other metals, which are critical for the maintenance and growth of modern society. Discovery rates of economic deposits of these metals are falling despite increased exploration expenditures, and the industry is looking for new concepts and better models that can help predict the occurrence of ore deposits, especially in previously overlooked or covered terranes. The regional scope of the proposed research provides fundamental information about the prospectivity of magmas and volcanic arcs, which can be used to develop novel exploration strategies in mature mineral belts, and to prioritize and focus exploration in new regions. Parallel research (not part of this proposal) takes this a step further to also consider the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of mining.