Integrated process for recovering food protein, nutraceuticals and renewable fuel from Canadian oil seeds

从加拿大油料种子中回收食品蛋白质、营养保健品和可再生燃料的综合工艺

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-04181
• 负责人: Diosady, Levente
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=684782
• 关键词: Integrated; process; recovering; food; protein

Balancing the use of crops for food or fuel is an ethical and economic challenge. Increased biofuel production led to a sharp rise in food prices, further impoverishing the poor in developing countries. Canada is in a position to simultaneously increase the production of food and renewable fuels. My research program focuses on the development of novel technologies for value-added processing of Canadian oilseed crops into food, fuel and nutraceuticals.***Conventional hexane extraction of oil is under pressure, as hexane is highly flammable, major air pollutant. Aqueous extraction processes have been unsuccessful, as most of the oil ends up as an intractable oil/water emulsion. Its conversion to biodiesel is possible, but conventional biodiesel is a nuisance for fuel producers, as it can only be incorporated into petro-diesel at low levels.***Canada is the largest exporter of canola and mustard. Their oil consist of triglycerides, that can be hydrolyzed to release three fatty acid molecules, consisting of a hydrocarbon chain, typical of petro-diesel fuel, and a carboxylic acid group. Their decarboxylation-removal of the acid group-will result in “green diesel”.***Decarboxylation of vegetable oils in solvent has been demonstrated, and it fits into normal refinery practice for desulphurization of diesel fuel. We have recently demonstrated that it is possible to directly decarboxylate the oil in the aqueous emulsion.***I propose to develop an integrated process for the recovery of food grade protein products and fuel grade renewable diesel from yellow and oriental mustard, brassica carinata, camelina, and hemp based on aqueous extraction. The process will recover the proteins as edible protein isolates and binders, using an adaptation of our proven membrane process. The oil emulsion will be converted to green diesel by direct decarboxylation in a high-pressure catalytic process. The waste water will be treated by nanofiltration, to recover valuable minor components. ***Key to the process is the effective separation of the aqueous protein extract from the emulsion, and the challenge of catalytic conversion of the emulsion to hydrocarbons. Therefore, much of the work will be focused on developing phase separations and the direct decarboxylation process by improving the catalysts and the reaction conditions.***If successful, the process will encourage the production of mustard and brassica carinata in areas that are not well suited to the growing of canola, and thus improve the agricultural yield of the dry areas of the Prairies, by producing sustainable green fuel without reducing food production. The process could contribute up to a billion dollars to Canadian agriculture, and help the Mustard 21 goal of a $500 million/a mustard industry.***A key component of this proposed program is educating highly qualified professionals. Leveraging scholarship sources, the proposed work will train some 15 graduate food engineers from Canada, France and developing countries.**

平衡粮食或燃料作物的使用是一个道德和经济上的挑战。生物燃料生产的增加导致食品价格急剧上涨，进一步使发展中国家的穷人陷入贫困。加拿大有能力同时增加粮食和可再生燃料的生产。我的研究项目侧重于开发加拿大油籽作物加工成食品、燃料和营养保健品的增值新技术。***传统的正己烷萃取油是有压力的，因为正己烷是高度易燃的，是主要的空气污染物。水萃取法一直不成功，因为大部分的油最终会形成难处理的油/水乳液。将其转化为生物柴油是可能的，但传统的生物柴油对燃料生产商来说是一个麻烦，因为它只能在低水平的情况下被纳入汽油柴油中。加拿大是最大的油菜籽和芥菜出口国。它们的油由甘油三酯组成，甘油三酯可以水解释放出三个脂肪酸分子，由碳氢化合物链组成，典型的石油柴油燃料和羧酸基团。它们的脱羧作用——去除酸性基团——将产生“绿色柴油”。***植物油在溶剂中的脱羧作用已被证实，它符合柴油脱硫的正常炼油厂实践。我们最近已经证明，直接使含水乳液中的油脱羧是可能的。***我建议开发一种基于水萃取的综合工艺，从黄色和东方芥末、芸苔、亚麻荠和大麻中回收食品级蛋白质产品和燃料级可再生柴油。这个过程将回收蛋白质作为可食用的分离蛋白和粘合剂，使用我们已经证明的膜工艺的适应。通过高压催化直接脱羧，将油乳化转化为绿色柴油。废水经纳滤处理，回收有价值的微量成分。***该工艺的关键是有效分离乳液中的水蛋白提取物，以及乳液催化转化为碳氢化合物的挑战。因此，今后的工作重点是通过改进催化剂和反应条件来开发相分离和直接脱羧工艺。***如果成功，该过程将鼓励在不太适合种植油菜的地区生产芥菜和芸苔，从而通过生产可持续的绿色燃料而不减少粮食生产，从而提高草原干旱地区的农业产量。这个过程可以为加拿大农业贡献高达10亿美元，并有助于芥末产业实现5亿美元/次的目标。这个拟议计划的一个关键组成部分是培养高素质的专业人员。利用奖学金来源，拟议的工作将培养来自加拿大、法国和发展中国家的约15名研究生食品工程师