Controls on the fertility of magmas for the genesis of associated hydrothermal ore deposits

控制伴生热液矿床成因的岩浆肥力

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2019-05244
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 2.61万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    加拿大
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助国家:
    加拿大
  • 起止时间:
    2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits are our major resources of metals such as Cu, Mo, Au, Ag, Re, Sn and W. Most large ore deposits near the surface have already been discovered and the finding of new major deposits to cover the increasing metal demand of society requires exploration at depth at greatly increased cost. Therefore, the identification of the most prospective regions for ore genesis to focus mineral exploration efforts on is essential. The outcomes of the proposed research will help to identify ore-fertile segments of continental arcs based on geochemical criteria, which may be particularly useful when applied to accreted composite arc terrains with complicated magmatic history and tectonic evolution such as the Canadian Cordillera.***To achieve this goal, I will combine experimental and field-based studies to investigate the fate of sulfur and ore metals during all main stages of magma evolution leading up to ore genesis, including 1) the generation of magmas in the Earth's upper mantle over subducting oceanic plates; 2) the transport of magmas through the Earth's lithosphere, and 3) ore fluid generation by magma degassing at upper crustal depths. Particular attention will be paid to the evolution of the redox state of magmas as this defines the geochemical behavior of sulfur and many ore metals. For example, the presence of sulfur in reduced state may lead to magmatic sulfide saturation, which may greatly affect metal transfer into later exsolving fluids. On the other hand, the presence of abundant oxidized sulfur species in the magmatic fluid phase is a pre-requisite for efficient ore mineral precipitation in porphyry and high-sulfidation epithermal ore deposits. We will therefore: 1) Investigate how subducted slab-derived fluids influence the oxidation state and ore metal budget of arc magmas by using high pressure-temperature experiments and by studying volcanic rocks in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, a unique continental arc with a great diversity of primitive mantle-derived magmas; 2) Conduct a field-based study in the Andes to constrain how the concentration of ore metals, S and Cl vary during magma differentiation in the crust in tectonic settings particularly favorable for ore genesis, and compare this to arc segments with moderate mineralization potential; 3) Experimentally develop new methods to constrain the evolution of the redox state of magmas and apply these to rock samples collected in the field; 4) Experimentally constrain how silicate melt composition, pressure and temperature affect the efficiency of ore metal and sulfur transfer into exsolving magmatic fluids and use this information to help interpret data obtained from natural samples. The proposed research will take advantage of numerous recent successful experimental and analytical method developments in my group, which will allow us to obtain very powerful and previously inaccessible information to facilitate better understanding of the above processes.**
岩浆-热液矿床是我国铜、钼、金、银、Re、Sn、w等金属的主要资源,大多数近地表的大型矿床已被发现,要发现新的大型矿床以满足社会日益增长的金属需求,需要进行深度勘探,成本大大增加。因此,确定最具找矿前景的地区以集中进行矿产勘查工作是至关重要的。研究结果将有助于根据地球化学标准识别大陆弧的富矿段,尤其适用于具有复杂岩浆历史和构造演化的叠合弧地形,如加拿大科迪勒拉。***为了实现这一目标,我将结合实验和实地研究来调查导致矿石形成的岩浆演化的所有主要阶段中硫和矿石金属的命运,包括1)地球上地幔中俯冲海洋板块上的岩浆的产生;2)岩浆在地球岩石圈中的运输;3)岩浆在地壳深部脱气产生矿液。我们将特别关注岩浆氧化还原状态的演化,因为这决定了硫和许多矿石金属的地球化学行为。例如,还原态硫的存在可能导致岩浆硫化物饱和,这可能会极大地影响金属向后期溶出流体的转移。另一方面,岩浆流体相中丰富的氧化硫物质的存在是斑岩和高硫化浅成热液矿床有效沉淀矿石的先决条件。因此,我们将:1)通过高压-高温实验和跨墨西哥火山带的火山岩研究,探讨俯冲板源流体如何影响弧岩浆的氧化态和矿石金属平衡;2)在安第斯山脉开展野外研究,在特别有利于成矿的构造环境下,限定地壳岩浆分异过程中矿石金属、S和Cl的浓度变化,并与成矿潜力中等的弧段进行对比;3)通过实验建立约束岩浆氧化还原演化的新方法,并将其应用于野外采集的岩样;4)通过实验约束硅酸盐熔体成分、压力和温度如何影响矿石金属和硫向溶蚀岩浆流体转移的效率,并利用这些信息帮助解释从自然样品中获得的数据。这项研究将利用我的小组最近许多成功的实验和分析方法的发展,这将使我们获得非常强大的和以前无法获得的信息,以促进更好地理解上述过程

项目成果

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Zajacz, Zoltan其他文献

The role of liquid-liquid immiscibility and crystal fractionation in the genesis of carbonatite magmas: insights from Kerimasi melt inclusions
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s00410-014-1093-4
  • 发表时间:
    2015-02-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.5
  • 作者:
    Guzmics, Tibor;Zajacz, Zoltan;Waelle, Markus
  • 通讯作者:
    Waelle, Markus
Evidence of upgrading of gold tenor in an orogenic quartz-carbonate vein system by late magmatic-hydrothermal fluids at the Madrid Deposit, Hope Bay Greenstone Belt, Nunavut, Canada
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.gca.2018.08.030
  • 发表时间:
    2018-11-15
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    5
  • 作者:
    Kerr, Mitchell J.;Hanley, Jacob J.;Zajacz, Zoltan
  • 通讯作者:
    Zajacz, Zoltan
Halogens in Silicic Magmas and Their Hydrothermal Systems
Magmatic controls on the genesis of porphyry Cu-Mo-Au deposits: The Bingham Canyon example
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.epsl.2017.09.036
  • 发表时间:
    2017-12-05
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    5.3
  • 作者:
    Grondahl, Carter;Zajacz, Zoltan
  • 通讯作者:
    Zajacz, Zoltan

Zajacz, Zoltan的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Zajacz, Zoltan', 18)}}的其他基金

Mass transfer of volatile and ore-forming elements in the Earth's lithosphere
地球岩石圈中挥发性元素和成矿元素的传质
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-04805
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Mass transfer of volatile and ore-forming elements in the Earth’s lithosphere
地球岩石圈中挥发性元素和成矿元素的质量转移
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-04805
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Mass transfer of volatile and ore-forming elements in the Earth’s lithosphere
地球岩石圈中挥发性元素和成矿元素的质量转移
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-04805
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Mass transfer of volatile and ore-forming elements in the Earth’s lithosphere
地球岩石圈中挥发性元素和成矿元素的质量转移
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-04805
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Mass transfer of volatile and ore-forming elements in the Earth’s lithosphere
地球岩石圈中挥发性元素和成矿元素的质量转移
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-04805
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual

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