Nonlinear effects in photonic devices and systems

光子器件中的非线性效应在光纤网络、成像系统和微腔的设计中起着重要的作用。在诸如光纤网络的应用中，这些效应是有害的，而它们在成像系统和微腔中可能是有益的。该提案提出了一些技术，以便在它们造成问题时减轻它们，并在它们提供好处时加强它们。* 光纤网络构成了互联网的主干，随着视频服务需求的增长，该网络的容量必须增加。使用均衡器成功地减轻了线性效应，传输速度从几Mb/s增加到数百Tb/s。现在，为满足未来需求而增加容量和覆盖范围的根本障碍是由非线性效应产生的。在这个提议中，将开发数字和光学技术来减轻单模和少模光纤中的这些影响。我们还将探讨用廉价的光源和直接检测接收器构建多输入多输出系统的可能性。用户有可能大大降低光纤网络的每比特成本。*非线性成像技术用于生物医学应用中的分子识别。当泵浦波和斯托克斯波入射到样品上时，斯托克斯波的放大程度提供了可以识别分子的指纹。 通常，直接检测接收器用于不具有关于相位的信息的成像系统中。我们提出将非线性成像技术与相干技术联合收割机相结合，使接收端可以获得光信号的相位。这使得能够构建分子的3-D振动图像。相干检测使反向传播技术类似于为光纤系统开发的技术。这些技术具有去除不需要的背景和提高图像质量的潜力。* 光学微腔已用于拉曼激光器和传感应用。在本计画中，我们将探讨微腔中的非线性效应对光学模式的影响。微腔支持声学模式，研究微腔中的声光互作用可能会导致有趣的新应用，如声激光器。我们将探索通过优化器件几何结构来构造超低阈值拉曼激光器和声学激光器的可能性。* 正如提议者以前/现在与工业伙伴的一些互动所表明的那样，加拿大通信、传感和生物医学领域的公司可以从本方案开发的技术中受益。此外，在该计划中接受培训的学生将发展高度可转移的技能，不仅对活跃在这些领域的公司感兴趣，而且对其他高科技公司也感兴趣。

Nonlinear effects in photonic devices play an important role in the design of fiber optic networks, imaging systems and microcavites. In applications such as fiber optic networks, these effects are detrimental whereas they can be beneficial in imaging systems and microcavities. This proposal develops techniques to mitigate them when they cause problems and to enhance them when they provide benefits. ***A fiber-optic network forms the backbone of the internet and as demand for video services grows, the capacity of this network must increase. Successful mitigation of the linear effects using the equalizers, transmission speeds have increased from several Mb/s to hundreds of Tb/s. Now the fundamental impediments to increases in capacity and reach that will be required to satisfy the future demands are those generated by nonlinear effects. In this proposal, digital and optical techniques will be developed to mitigate these effects in single mode and few mode fibers. We will also explore the possibility of constructing multiple-input multiple-output systems with inexpensive light sources and direct detection receivers. The subscribers have the potential to greatly reduce the cost per bit of fiber optic networks.***Nonlinear imaging techniques are used for identification of molecules in biomedical applications. When a pump wave and a Stokes wave are incident on a sample, the degree of amplification of the Stokes wave provides the fingerprint by which the molecule can be identified. Typically, direct detection receivers are used in imaging systems which do not have information on the phase. We propose to combine the nonlinear imaging with coherent technology so that the phase of optical signal is available at the receiver. This enables construction of a 3-D vibrational image of a molecule. Coherent detection enables the back propagation techniques akin to those developed for fiber optic systems. These techniques have the potential to remove unwanted background and improve the quality of the image. ***Optical microcavities have been used for Raman lasers and sensing applications. In this proposal, we will investigate the nonlinear effects on optical modes in microcavity. The microcavity supports acoustic modes and the study of acousto-optic interaction in microcavity could lead to interesting new applications, such as acoustic lasers. We will explore the possibility of constructing ultralow threshold Raman lasers and acoustic lasers by optimizing the device geometry. ***As suggested by some of the proponent's previous/existing interactions with industrial partners, Canadian companies in the communications, sensing and biomedical fields could benefit from the techniques developed in this program. Furthermore, the students trained in the program will develop highly transferable skills that will be of interest not only to companies that are active in these fields, but other high technology companies, too.**