Vibrational spectrochemical imaging studies of materials from macro to nanoscale

从宏观到纳米尺度材料的振动光谱化学成像研究

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-05931
• 负责人: Gough, Kathleen
• 金额: $ 3.28万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=689170
• 关键词: Vibrational; spectrochemical; imaging; studies; materials

Critical chemical interactions occur at the nanoscale but have impact at every dimension. My students and I tackle the challenges inherent in imaging the chemistry of materials at length scales from one thousandth to one billionth of a meter, using model systems for proof of principle. Specifically, we probe the chemical composition of matter with visible and infrared light, using a technique called vibrational spectroscopy. With this program, I strive to be a world leader in vibrational spectrochemical imaging, training young scientists in groundbreaking techniques to solve puzzles related to important materials and environmental issues. My short term objectives represent real-world problems that span the nano to macro resolution scale, in new materials made from renewable resources to the impact of climate change on Arctic sea ice diatoms, key members of the marine food web. We take established principles of vibrational spectroscopy to the scientific frontier, using best diffraction-limited optics, our newly-patented accessory for infrared tomography, and super-resolution techniques that break the infrared diffraction limit. We devise novel methods to retain native molecular architecture, allowing us to elucidate localized chemistry and make accurate interpretations of this previously inaccessible micro and nanoscale data.***In one branch of my program, we use spectrochemical imaging to identify chemical changes in single-celled microorganisms under normal and stress conditions. Why? We can discover how nutrient and light levels, and community interactions affect Arctic sea ice diatoms, key to predicting their likely responses to global climate change and decreasing sea ice. We can learn how the cell wall ultrastructure of Candida albicans is affected by external stimuli, especially antifungal treatments. ***In the other branch, we analyze natural and synthetic fibres at the micro and nanoscale. We aim to maximize the added-value of post-harvest waste-stream fibre, a renewable resource, and improve production quality of bio-inspired synthetic silk materials that depend on molecular composition, orientation and conformation. We will better understand the self-assembly of collagens, biomolecules that perform essential functions in the healthy body and are basic to tissue engineering materials. Finally, we will aid the design of new contact-active self-disinfective surfaces, a disruptive technology created to prevent cross-infection in hospitals and contamination of food during processing or packaging. ***Our spectroscopic capabilities will accelerate completely new avenues of discovery. My students, skilled in these techniques, will be able to connect consequences from the molecular to macroscopic length scales, and be ready to contribute to the advancement of fundamental knowledge, aiding environmental, health and advanced manufacturing initiatives in Canada.

关键的化学相互作用发生在纳米级，但在每个维度都有影响。我和我的学生解决了在从千分之一到十亿分之一米的长度尺度上成像材料化学过程中固有的挑战，使用模型系统进行原理证明。具体来说，我们用可见光和红外光探测物质的化学成分，使用一种称为振动光谱的技术。通过这个项目，我努力成为振动光谱化学成像领域的世界领导者，培训年轻科学家突破性技术，解决与重要材料和环境问题相关的难题。我的短期目标代表现实世界的问题，从纳米到宏观分辨率尺度，从可再生资源制成的新材料到气候变化对北极海冰硅藻的影响，海洋食物网的关键成员。我们将振动光谱学的既定原理应用于科学前沿，使用最佳衍射极限光学器件、我们新获得专利的红外断层扫描配件以及突破红外衍射极限的超分辨率技术。我们设计了新的方法来保留天然的分子结构，使我们能够阐明局部化学，并准确解释这种以前无法获得的微观和纳米级数据。在我的项目的一个分支中，我们使用光谱化学成像来识别单细胞微生物在正常和应激条件下的化学变化。为什么？为什么？我们可以发现营养和光照水平以及群落相互作用如何影响北极海冰硅藻，这是预测它们对全球气候变化和海冰减少的可能反应的关键。我们可以了解白念珠菌的细胞壁超微结构如何受到外部刺激，特别是抗真菌治疗的影响。* 在另一个分支中，我们分析了微米和纳米级的天然和合成纤维。我们的目标是最大限度地提高收获后废物流纤维（一种可再生资源）的附加值，并提高取决于分子组成、取向和构象的生物启发合成丝材料的生产质量。我们将更好地了解胶原蛋白的自组装，胶原蛋白是在健康身体中发挥重要作用的生物分子，也是组织工程材料的基础。最后，我们将帮助设计新型接触主动自消毒表面，这是一种颠覆性技术，旨在防止医院内的交叉感染以及加工或包装过程中的食品污染。* 我们的光谱能力将加速全新的发现途径。我的学生，熟练掌握这些技术，将能够连接从分子到宏观长度尺度的后果，并准备为基础知识的进步做出贡献，帮助加拿大的环境，健康和先进的制造业计划。