Integration of Innovative Techniques to Improve Prediction and Remediation of Groundwater Contamination

整合创新技术以改进地下水污染的预测和修复

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-07118
• 负责人: Blowes, David
• 金额: $ 4.44万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=691043
• 关键词: Integration; Innovative; Techniques; Improve; Prediction

The long-term goal of my research program is to develop improved techniques for the prediction, remediation, and prevention of groundwater contamination derived from mine sites, industrial sites, and other sources of contamination. My research includes determination of the physical and solute-transport characteristics of groundwater flow systems, measurements of the concentration and speciation of dissolved constituents, identification of primary and secondary phases controlling the concentrations of dissolved constituents, and characterization of the microbiological communities involved in metal and nutrient cycling. The systems we study are complex, making it challenging to develop well-constrained predictions. We are currently exploring the use of non-traditional isotope measurements, synchrotron-based spectroscopic techniques, next-generation sequencing of microbial populations, and reactive transport modelling to enhance our understanding of the hydrogeology and biogeochemistry of contaminated sites and remediation systems. Integrating these techniques will provide additional constraints on reactive transport simulations. We will conduct a series of highly-constrained (constant T, P, PO2, PCO2) laboratory experiments to determine the extent of isotope fractionation associated with adsorption, reduction-oxidation, and precipitation of carbonate, hydroxide, phosphate, and sulfide phases containing Cu, Fe, Ni, Se, and Zn, and hydroxide phases containing Cr. The reaction products from these experiments will be analyzed using synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) to determine oxidation state and structure. In addition, we will conduct flow-through cell experiments at synchrotron facilities to monitor changes in oxidation state and corresponding changes in isotope ratios under steady water-flow. This approach will provide measurements of the reaction mechanism, reaction rate, reaction progress, and isotope fractionation at an unprecedented level of detail. The microbial community present in the flow-through cell will be characterized using molecular approaches. Combining non-traditional isotope-ratio measurements, with synchrotron-based characterization of reaction processes and reaction products, and characterization of microbial community structure, will provide a strong foundation for numerical modelling, and improved assessments of the extent and duration of environmental contamination, and the effectiveness and longevity of remediation systems.

我的研究计划的长期目标是开发改进的技术，以预测，预防和预防从矿场，工业场所和其他污染源来源的地下水污染。我的研究包括确定地下水流量系统的物理和溶质传输特征，测量溶解成分的浓度和形态的测量，控制溶解成分浓度的主要和次级阶段的鉴定以及涉及金属和营养循环的微生物社区的表征。我们研究的系统很复杂，使得开发受良好约束的预测具有挑战性。我们目前正在探索非传统同位素测量，基于同步加速器的光谱技术，微生物种群的下一代测序以及反应性转运建模，以增强我们对污染位点和补救系统的水文地质学和生物地球化学的理解。集成这些技术将为反应性传输模拟提供其他限制。我们将进行一系列高度约束（常数T，P，PO2，PCO2）实验室实验，以确定与吸附，还原氧化和碳酸盐，氢氧化物，磷酸盐，磷酸盐和硫化物相关的同位素分馏的程度，其中包含Cu，Fe，Fe，Fe，Ni，Ni，Se，Se，Se，se和Zn和Zn和Zn and crases and crases and crases and crase and verroxide。这些实验的反应产物将使用同步加速器X射线吸收光谱（XAS）进行分析，以确定氧化态和结构。此外，我们将在同步基因设备上进行流通细胞实验，以监测氧化态的变化，并在稳定的水流下同位素比的相应变化。这种方法将在前所未有的细节水平上对反应机理，反应速率，反应进展和同位素分馏的测量。流通细胞中存在的微生物群落将使用分子方法来表征。将非传统的同位素比率测量与基于同步加速器的反应过程和反应产物的表征以及微生物群落结构的表征相结合，将为数值建模和改善对环境污染的程度和持续时间的评估，以及补救系统的有效性和长寿。