Winter Biology of Wild Fish in a Multi-Stressor World

多重压力世界中野生鱼类的冬季生物学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-06139
• 负责人: Cooke, Steven
• 金额: $ 5.68万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=692034
• 关键词: Winter; Biology; Wild; Fish; Multi

The long-term goal of our Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory is to establish a clear understanding of the inter-relationships between the environment and individual-level physiology, behaviour and fitness. With support of our NSERC DG during the past five years our lab has made substantial progress in understanding stress in wild temperate fish during the spring and summer months. Our research has generated new questions about stress in fish, many of which relate to winter, a naturally challenging period in the lives of many temperate freshwater fishes. Moreover, the winter conditions of many temperate lakes are rivers are changing even more rapidly than in summer as a result of environmental change. Our 5-yr goal, and the focus of this DG application, is to study the winter biology of wild fish in the context of a multi-stressor world, attempting to understand (1) determine the biotic and abiotic factors that influence how fish respond to winter-related challenges, and (2) understand the consequences of winter stressors on fish condition, behaviour, and fitness. ******The scientific approaches that will be used test hypotheses will include extensive experimentation and comparative surveys in natural field (e.g., lakes, rivers) and mesocosm (e.g., experimental pond and stream) environments. We will use a variety of models and rely heavily on non-lethal tissue sampling combined with electronic tagging to examine how various biotic (e.g., body size, species, nutritional state, disease state, stress responsiveness) and abiotic (e.g., habitat quality, availability of food) factors influence how fish respond to winter-related stressors (e.g., ice dynamics, hypoxia, timing of spring ice melt). In some experiments we will expose fish to varied holding environments (e.g., manipulating winter conditions mesocosms) to understand how stressors act alone or in combination. Endpoints will include bioenergetics, behaviour, and survival. We will also examine the effects of winter stressors on fish condition, behaviour, survival, and reproduction. This work will include long-term monitoring of fish under experimental conditions across seasons and years to understand the latent effects of winter conditions on fish performance (i.e., seasonal carryover effects). ******The proposed research will enhance our understanding of ecological processes in the winter, particularly in the face of environmental change. Research on winter ecology is likely to be fruitful in terms of novel discoveries because it is a comparatively poorly studied and understood season, yet is widely thought to play an important role in structuring animal populations given the challenges it poses. Our work will also provide much scope for training HQP with skills needed to solve complex problems while working across disciplinary boundaries. Beyond conducting research the HQP will learn about knowledge exchange, #scicomm, and collaborative teamwork. **

鱼类生态及保育生理实验室的长远目标是清楚了解环境与个体生理、行为和健康之间的相互关系。在过去五年中，在国家科学研究委员会总干事的支持下，我们的实验室在了解野生温带鱼类在春季和夏季的压力方面取得了实质性进展。我们的研究产生了关于鱼类压力的新问题，其中许多问题与冬季有关，冬季是许多温带淡水鱼生活中自然具有挑战性的时期。此外，由于环境变化，许多温带湖泊和河流的冬季条件变化甚至比夏季更快。我们的5年目标，也是这个DG申请的重点，是在多压力源环境下研究野生鱼类的冬季生物学，试图了解(1)确定影响鱼类如何应对冬季相关挑战的生物和非生物因素，以及(2)了解冬季压力源对鱼类状况、行为和健康的影响。******将用于测试假设的科学方法将包括在自然领域（例如，湖泊，河流）和中生态环境（例如，实验池塘和溪流）环境中进行广泛的实验和比较调查。我们将使用各种模型，并在很大程度上依赖于非致命性组织采样与电子标签相结合，以检查各种生物（例如，体型、物种、营养状态、疾病状态、应激反应）和非生物（例如，栖息地质量、食物的可用性）因素如何影响鱼类对冬季相关压力源（例如，冰动力学、缺氧、春季冰融化的时间）的反应。在一些实验中，我们将把鱼暴露在不同的饲养环境中（例如，操纵冬季中游环境），以了解压力源是如何单独或联合作用的。终点将包括生物能量学、行为和生存。我们还将研究冬季压力源对鱼类状况、行为、生存和繁殖的影响。这项工作将包括在不同季节和年份的实验条件下对鱼类进行长期监测，以了解冬季条件对鱼类生产性能的潜在影响（即季节性结转效应）。******拟议的研究将增强我们对冬季生态过程的理解，特别是在面对环境变化的情况下。就新发现而言，对冬季生态学的研究可能会取得丰硕成果，因为这是一个相对较少研究和了解的季节，但鉴于它带来的挑战，人们普遍认为它在构建动物种群方面发挥着重要作用。我们的工作还将为培训HQP提供很大的空间，使其具备解决复杂问题所需的技能，同时跨越学科界限。除了进行研究之外，HQP还将学习知识交流、科学交流和协作团队合作。**