Winter Biology of Wild Fish in a Multi-Stressor World

多重压力世界中野生鱼类的冬季生物学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-06139
• 负责人: Cooke, Steven
• 金额: $ 5.68万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=715950
• 关键词: Winter; Biology; Wild; Fish; Multi

The long-term goal of our Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory is to establish a clear understanding of the inter-relationships between the environment and individual-level physiology, behaviour and fitness. With support of our NSERC DG during the past five years our lab has made substantial progress in understanding stress in wild temperate fish during the spring and summer months. Our research has generated new questions about stress in fish, many of which relate to winter, a naturally challenging period in the lives of many temperate freshwater fishes. Moreover, the winter conditions of many temperate lakes are rivers are changing even more rapidly than in summer as a result of environmental change. Our 5-yr goal, and the focus of this DG application, is to study the winter biology of wild fish in the context of a multi-stressor world, attempting to understand (1) determine the biotic and abiotic factors that influence how fish respond to winter-related challenges, and (2) understand the consequences of winter stressors on fish condition, behaviour, and fitness. The scientific approaches that will be used test hypotheses will include extensive experimentation and comparative surveys in natural field (e.g., lakes, rivers) and mesocosm (e.g., experimental pond and stream) environments. We will use a variety of models and rely heavily on non-lethal tissue sampling combined with electronic tagging to examine how various biotic (e.g., body size, species, nutritional state, disease state, stress responsiveness) and abiotic (e.g., habitat quality, availability of food) factors influence how fish respond to winter-related stressors (e.g., ice dynamics, hypoxia, timing of spring ice melt). In some experiments we will expose fish to varied holding environments (e.g., manipulating winter conditions mesocosms) to understand how stressors act alone or in combination. Endpoints will include bioenergetics, behaviour, and survival. We will also examine the effects of winter stressors on fish condition, behaviour, survival, and reproduction. This work will include long-term monitoring of fish under experimental conditions across seasons and years to understand the latent effects of winter conditions on fish performance (i.e., seasonal carryover effects). The proposed research will enhance our understanding of ecological processes in the winter, particularly in the face of environmental change. Research on winter ecology is likely to be fruitful in terms of novel discoveries because it is a comparatively poorly studied and understood season, yet is widely thought to play an important role in structuring animal populations given the challenges it poses. Our work will also provide much scope for training HQP with skills needed to solve complex problems while working across disciplinary boundaries. Beyond conducting research the HQP will learn about knowledge exchange, #scicomm, and collaborative teamwork.

我们的鱼类生态和保护生理学实验室的长期目标是建立一个清晰的理解环境和个人水平的生理，行为和健身之间的相互关系。 在过去的五年里，在NSERC DG的支持下，我们的实验室在春季和夏季对野生温带鱼类的压力了解方面取得了实质性进展。 我们的研究产生了关于鱼类压力的新问题，其中许多与冬季有关，这是许多温带淡水鱼生活中自然具有挑战性的时期。此外，由于环境变化，许多温带湖泊和河流的冬季条件变化甚至比夏季更快。我们的5年目标，这个DG应用程序的重点，是研究野生鱼类的冬季生物学在一个多压力的世界，试图了解（1）确定生物和非生物因素，影响鱼类如何应对冬季相关的挑战，（2）了解冬季压力对鱼类的条件，行为和健身的后果。 将用于检验假设的科学方法将包括在自然领域进行广泛的实验和比较调查（例如，湖泊、河流）和中型生态系统（例如，实验池塘和溪流）环境。 我们将使用各种模型，并在很大程度上依赖于非致命组织采样与电子标签相结合，以检查各种生物（例如，体型、物种、营养状态、疾病状态、应激反应）和非生物（例如，栖息地质量，食物的可获得性）因素影响鱼类如何响应与冬季相关的应激源（例如，冰动力学、缺氧、春季冰融化的时间）。 在一些实验中，我们将鱼暴露于不同的保持环境（例如，操纵冬季条件围隔），以了解压力源如何单独或组合作用。 终点将包括生物能量学、行为和生存。 我们还将研究冬季压力对鱼类状况，行为，生存和繁殖的影响。 这项工作将包括在实验条件下跨季节和跨年对鱼类进行长期监测，以了解冬季条件对鱼类性能的潜在影响（即，季节性影响）。 拟议的研究将提高我们对冬季生态过程的理解，特别是在面临环境变化的情况下。 冬季生态学的研究可能会在新的发现方面取得丰硕成果，因为这是一个相对缺乏研究和理解的季节，但人们普遍认为，鉴于它所带来的挑战，它在构建动物种群方面发挥着重要作用。 我们的工作也将为培训HQP提供很大的空间，使其具备解决复杂问题所需的技能，同时跨越学科界限。除了进行研究，HQP还将学习知识交流，#scicomm和协作团队。