Mesoscopic Spin Mechanics

介观自旋力学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04239
• 负责人: Freeman, Mark
• 金额: $ 7.73万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=692914
• 关键词: Mesoscopic; Spin; Mechanics

Electrons carry charge, magnetic moment, mass, and mechanical angular momentum. Intensive study of the interplay between magnetism and charge transport, or 'spin electronics', has tremendously enriched our fundamental understanding of magnetic materials and enormously expanded the horizons for magnetic devices. An analogous opportunity exists for 'spin mechanics', by way of detailed exploration of the interactions of magnetism and mechanical motion.***Spin Mechanics first was explored a century ago. 2015 is the centennial of key publications demonstrating the intrinsic coupling between magnetism and mechanics. Barnett observed magnetization changes in response to rotation, and Einstein, working with de Haas, measured the converse (in Einstein's only published experiment). Now is the right time for renewed interest in this physics. The time scale of this coupling is a fundamental characteristic of magnetism and has never been measured. The effects increase in significance for smaller structures, as in the case of spin electronics. New physics can occur, potentially including to new ways of controlling magnetism for applications such as information storage, this time using mechanics.***Also key to the timing of this proposal are opportunities to take advantage of great advances in related, enabling technologies. Experimental capabilities for inducing and detecting nanomechanical motion have been revolutionized by the development of on-chip "cavity optomechanics". Displacement of a nanostructure corresponding to a small fraction of the diameter of a proton can now be measured, and nanomechanical motion powerfully driven by optical spring forces. Extremely fast digital measurement electronics, new nanofabrication processes, and desktop supercomputing for numerical design and modeling, all are new capabilities from just the past couple of years.***The nanomechanical approach is complementary to existing, advanced magnetic measurement methods, and has enabled us already to address fundamental questions in magnetism. The work provides excellent training opportunities for highly qualified personnel. Eight talented graduate students completed their studies during the present granting period, and two postdoctoral fellows went on to tenure-track faculty positions. Outcomes from the continuing work will enable new interdisciplinary applications of magnetism in chemistry, biology, geoscience, and space science.

电子携带电荷、磁矩、质量和机械角动量。深入研究磁性与电荷输运或自旋电子学之间的相互作用，极大地丰富了我们对磁性材料的基本认识，极大地拓展了磁性器件的视野。通过详细探索磁力和机械运动的相互作用，“自旋力学”也有类似的机会。一个世纪前，人们首次探索了自旋力学。2015年是展示磁学和力学之间内在耦合的主要出版物的百年诞辰。巴尼特观察到磁化强度随着旋转的变化而变化，爱因斯坦与德哈斯一起测量了相反的情况(在爱因斯坦唯一发表的实验中)。现在是重新燃起人们对这一物理学兴趣的时候了。这种耦合的时间尺度是磁性的一个基本特征，从未被测量过。对于较小的结构，这种影响变得更加重要，就像自旋电子的情况一样。新的物理学可能会出现，可能包括控制信息存储等应用的磁性的新方法，这一次是使用机械。*这一提议的时机也是利用相关使能技术的巨大进步的机会。芯片上“腔光机械”的发展使诱导和检测纳米机械运动的实验能力发生了革命性的变化。现在可以测量与质子直径的一小部分对应的纳米结构的位移，以及由光学弹簧力强大地驱动纳米机械运动。极快的数字测量电子技术、新的纳米制造工艺，以及用于数值设计和建模的桌面超级计算，都是过去几年才出现的新功能。*纳米机械方法是对现有的先进磁性测量方法的补充，并使我们能够解决磁性方面的基本问题。这项工作为高素质人才提供了极好的培训机会。在目前的授权期内，有八名有才华的研究生完成了学业，两名博士后研究员继续担任终身教职。持续工作的成果将使磁学在化学、生物学、地球科学和空间科学中的新的跨学科应用成为可能。