Mesoscopic Spin Mechanics

介观自旋力学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04239
• 负责人: Freeman, Mark
• 金额: $ 7.73万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=692914
• 关键词: Mesoscopic; Spin; Mechanics

Electrons carry charge, magnetic moment, mass, and mechanical angular momentum. Intensive study of the interplay between magnetism and charge transport, or 'spin electronics', has tremendously enriched our fundamental understanding of magnetic materials and enormously expanded the horizons for magnetic devices. An analogous opportunity exists for 'spin mechanics', by way of detailed exploration of the interactions of magnetism and mechanical motion.***Spin Mechanics first was explored a century ago. 2015 is the centennial of key publications demonstrating the intrinsic coupling between magnetism and mechanics. Barnett observed magnetization changes in response to rotation, and Einstein, working with de Haas, measured the converse (in Einstein's only published experiment). Now is the right time for renewed interest in this physics. The time scale of this coupling is a fundamental characteristic of magnetism and has never been measured. The effects increase in significance for smaller structures, as in the case of spin electronics. New physics can occur, potentially including to new ways of controlling magnetism for applications such as information storage, this time using mechanics.***Also key to the timing of this proposal are opportunities to take advantage of great advances in related, enabling technologies. Experimental capabilities for inducing and detecting nanomechanical motion have been revolutionized by the development of on-chip "cavity optomechanics". Displacement of a nanostructure corresponding to a small fraction of the diameter of a proton can now be measured, and nanomechanical motion powerfully driven by optical spring forces. Extremely fast digital measurement electronics, new nanofabrication processes, and desktop supercomputing for numerical design and modeling, all are new capabilities from just the past couple of years.***The nanomechanical approach is complementary to existing, advanced magnetic measurement methods, and has enabled us already to address fundamental questions in magnetism. The work provides excellent training opportunities for highly qualified personnel. Eight talented graduate students completed their studies during the present granting period, and two postdoctoral fellows went on to tenure-track faculty positions. Outcomes from the continuing work will enable new interdisciplinary applications of magnetism in chemistry, biology, geoscience, and space science.

电子携带电荷、磁矩、质量和机械角动量。对磁性和电荷输运或“自旋电子学”之间相互作用的深入研究极大地丰富了我们对磁性材料的基本理解，并极大地扩展了磁性器件的视野。 类似的机会也存在于“自旋力学”中，通过详细探索磁性和机械运动的相互作用。自旋力学首次被探索是在世纪前。 2015年是证明磁性和力学之间内在耦合的重要出版物的百年纪念。巴内特观察到了旋转引起的磁化强度变化，而爱因斯坦与德哈斯一起测量了相反的情况（这是爱因斯坦唯一发表的实验）。 现在正是重新对这一物理学产生兴趣的时候。 这种耦合的时间尺度是磁性的基本特征，从未被测量过。 对于更小的结构，如自旋电子学的情况，这种效应的重要性增加。 新的物理学可能会出现，可能包括为信息存储等应用控制磁性的新方法，这一次使用力学。这一建议的时机选择也很关键，因为有机会利用相关的使能技术的巨大进步。 诱导和检测纳米机械运动的实验能力已经彻底改变了芯片上的“腔光学力学”的发展。 现在可以测量对应于质子直径的一小部分的纳米结构的位移，并且纳米机械运动由光学弹簧力有力地驱动。 极快的数字测量电子设备、新的纳米制造工艺以及用于数字设计和建模的桌面超级计算，都是过去几年的新功能。纳米力学方法是对现有先进磁性测量方法的补充，并使我们能够解决磁性中的基本问题。 这项工作为高素质人员提供了极好的培训机会。 八名才华横溢的研究生在本授予期间完成了学业，两名博士后研究员继续担任终身教职。 持续工作的成果将使磁学在化学、生物学、地球科学和空间科学中的新的跨学科应用成为可能。