Exploring New Chemical Reactivities for Synthetic Efficiency

探索新的化学反应性以提高合成效率

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-06539
• 负责人: Li, ChaoJun
• 金额: $ 9.11万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=693378
• 关键词: Exploring; New; Chemical; Reactivities; Synthetic

Background and Objectives: Chemical synthesis plays a vital role in producing pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, plastics, coatings, textiles, and electronic materials by converting natural resources. However, state-of-the-art chemical synthesis often requires extensive auxiliary steps that lead to overall low resource efficiency and raise environmental/health concerns related to chemical waste. How to utilize limited natural resources efficiently constitutes a key aspect of sustainability. The overall objective of this project is to discover new chemical reactivities for more sustainable future chemical syntheses and to establish a leading program of excellence in research output, impact, and training in Green/Sustainable Synthetic Chemistry.******Research Plan: To explore new chemical reactivities that: (a) can work under ambient atmosphere with benign solvents; (b) maximize atom-utilization; and (c) directly transform natural resources such as renewable biomass from their native states into useful chemical products. Avoiding the need for elaborate chemical processes and anhydrous organic solvents has been our approach towards developing sustainable chemical syntheses. Building on our previous successes, this Discovery Grant will continue our research in the following three major avenues: (1) study the catalytic Grignard-type alkylation and asymmetric version of Grignard-type reactions in water; (2) study the mechanism and applications of catalytic nucleophilic additions using C-H bonds as surrogates for organometallic reagents in water; and (3) study the asymmetric Cross-Dehydrogenative-Coupling (CDC) and non-oxidative catalytic conversion of methane and short-chain alkanes into aromatics and dienes. ***Significance: The combined success of the Barbier-Grignard reactions in water, the catalytic nucleophilic addition reactions in water with C-H bonds, and the catalytic direct C-H/C-H Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling will fundamentally change approaches to organic reactions as they are presented in chemistry textbooks and to the way chemists perform organic synthesis. These reactions will drastically increase the efficiency of chemical syntheses and minimize chemical waste by avoiding protection-deprotection of various functional groups, halogenation-dehalogenation, and functionalization-defunctionalization processes. Together, these will have a profound impact on future sustainable chemical syntheses.**

背景和目标：化学合成在生产药物，农业化学，塑料，涂料，纺织品和电子材料中起着至关重要的作用，通过转换自然资源。但是，最先进的化学合成通常需要广泛的辅助步骤，从而导致总体资源效率低，并提高与化学废物有关的环境/健康问题。如何利用有限的自然资源有效构成可持续性的关键方面。该项目的总体目的是发现新的化学反应性，以实现更可持续的未来化学合成，并在绿色/可持续合成化学方面建立领先的研究成果，影响和培训方案。 （b）最大化原子 - 利用； （c）将自然资源（例如可再生生物量）直接从其本地状态转化为有用的化学产品。避免需要精心制作的化学过程和无水有机溶剂，这是我们开发可持续化学合成的方法。在我们以前的成功基础上，这项发现赠款将在以下三个主要途径中继续我们的研究：（1）研究催化性的Grignard型烷基化和Grignard型反应在水中的不对称版本； （2）研究使用C-H键作为水中有机金属试剂的替代物的催化亲核性添加的机制和应用； （3）研究不对称的交叉脱水偶联（CDC）以及将甲烷和短链烷烃转化为芳香族和二烯的非氧化催化转化。 ***意义：水在水中的反应，水与C-H键中的催化亲核加成反应以及催化直接的C-H/C-H跨跨性偶联的催化直接偶联，将基本上改变对有机反应的方法，因为它们在化学教科书中及其在化学教科书中表现出了有机反应，并具有有机化的方法。这些反应将大大提高化学合成的效率，并通过避免保护各种官能团，卤化 - 脱核酸和功能化 - 缺失过程，从而最大程度地减少化学废物。这些将对未来的可持续化学合成产生深远的影响。**