Production d'omble de fontaine adaptée aux changements climatiques: évaluation de l'importance des effets épigénétiques

生产 domble de fontaine 适应气候变化：对猪的影响的重要性评估

• 批准号: 521227-2018
• 负责人: Bernatchez, Louis
• 金额: $ 13.99万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=694117
• 关键词: Production; omble; de; fontaine; adapt

The objective of this research project is to provide the scientific basis for the establishment of fish production methods aiming to support the brook trout recreational fisheries (Salvelinus fontinalis), which will be adapted to the new environmental context resulting from climate change. Three objectives integrating the study of epigenetic variation and gene expression combined with the acquisition of physiological information and components of phenotypic fitness and interpreted in the conceptual framework of evolutionary quantitative genetics are targeted: 1) testing the effect of thermal regime during adult sexual maturation and offspring incubation on epigenetic changes that may affect survival, growth and resistance to thermal variation during development of young stages of life; 2) estimating, through a factorial crossing design, the heritability and gene-environment interactions of transgenerational plasticity effects on the variation of these phenotypic traits as well as the expression of genes involved in epigenetic mechanisms and physiological performance; 3) assessing the effects of changes in the thermal regime during the production of brook trout on the persistence of methylation patterns, growth, survival and heritability of these traits following stocking in the wild. This project will provide our partners from fish farming industry and government agencies with accurate knowledge of the consequences of breeding and incubation thermal conditions on epigenetic modifications and their impacts on the performance of farmed offspring. This knowledge will allow to develop efficient reproductive and incubation schemes for production and stocking, which will be better adapted to current and future thermal conditions. This project will also contribute to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying epigenetic processes, in particular to elucidate which phenotypes respond to transgenerational epigenetic transmission and thus clarify the importance of these mechanisms in the adaptive potential of aquatic species. Ultimately, this knowledge will help better predict adaptation potential to climate change.

该研究项目的目的是为建立旨在支持溪鳟休闲渔业（Salvelinus fontinalis）的鱼类生产方法提供科学依据，这些方法将适应气候变化带来的新环境。三个目标整合表观遗传变异和基因表达的研究，结合生理信息和表型适合度的组成部分的获取，并在进化数量遗传学的概念框架中解释：1）测试成体性成熟和后代孵化期间的热状况对可能影响存活的表观遗传变化的影响，在生命的年轻阶段发育过程中的生长和对温度变化的抵抗力; 2）通过析因交叉设计估计，遗传力和基因-环境互作的跨代可塑性影响这些表型性状的变化，以及参与基因的表达，表观遗传机制和生理表现; 3）评估在溪鳟生产期间温度状况的变化对甲基化模式的持续性、生长、存活和这些性状在野外放养后的遗传力的影响。该项目将为我们来自养鱼业和政府机构的合作伙伴提供准确的知识，了解繁殖和孵化热条件对表观遗传修饰的影响及其对养殖后代性能的影响。这方面的知识将有助于为生产和放养制定有效的繁殖和孵化计划，这将更好地适应当前和未来的热条件。该项目还将有助于更深入地了解表观遗传过程的机制，特别是阐明哪些表型对跨代表观遗传传递作出反应，从而阐明这些机制在水生物种适应潜力中的重要性。最终，这些知识将有助于更好地预测适应气候变化的潜力。