L'ADN environnemental comme nouvel outil de gestion de la faune piscicole au Québec

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In Quebec, the MFFP must ensure the conservation and harrmonious development of wildlife exploitation while the SÉPAQ, the largest recreational fishing network, must manage and develop wildlife reserves in a conservation perspective while ensuring the profitability of its operations. Sound management of aquatic resources requires reliable estimates of community composition and then whether environmental disturbances or over-exploitation result in community changes below acceptable levels. Environmental DNA Analysis (eDNA) is a revolutionary tool for detecting traces of DNA in water without manipulating the organisms studied and offering a low-cost alternative to traditional sampling that disrupts the species studied. Our general objective will be to develop eDNA analysis protocols to optimize the current use of this approach for the management of aquatic species. Five objectives will be targeted; i) Evaluate the effect of biotic and abiotic factors on the persistence and diffusion of eDNA, ii) Evaluate the effect of the bioinformatic sampling and analysis strategy on the estimation of species richness, iii) Document the correspondence between the quantity of eDNA and brook trout biomass in exploited lakes and build a predictive model of relative abundance from eDNA information; iv) develop a user-friendly software to handle eDNA data adapted to the needs of our partners ; v) Compare the cost savings of cDNA analysis with traditional monitoring methods and assess the perception of managers and resource users about the advantages and disadvantages of eDNA analysis for the management of recreational fishing. The results of this project could allow our partners to revolutionize the way they manage the 'fish resource' and optimize their operations by fully integrating the cDNA tool into their management practices.