Documenting genetic diversity of wild Eastern Oyster populations towards improving production

记录野生东部牡蛎种群的遗传多样性以提高产量

• 批准号: 517848-2017
• 负责人: Bernatchez, Louis
• 金额: $ 0.91万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Engage Plus Grants Program
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=639689
• 关键词: Documenting; genetic; diversity; wild; Eastern

The eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, is a commercially and ecologically important species whose naturalrange includes all the Maritime Provinces. It is also cultivated in Quebec and Newfoundland. Despite theirimportance, we know very little about their population-genetic structure. This information is critical not only tothe management of wild oyster introductions and transfers, but also in the establishment and management ofhatchery broodstock programs. L'Étang Ruisseau Bar Ltd. (ERB) owns and operates Atlantic Canada's largestshellfish hatchery, exporting seed to all Atlantic provinces. The proposed project aims at finalising a thoroughanalysis and publication based on cutting-edge population-genomics analyses that allowed quantifying keyfeatures of wild oyster populations, including critical information such as the amount and extent of geneticdifferentiation, estimates of effective population size, and evidence for local adaptation. Our results to dateshowed that despite the massive rehabilitation transfers of disease-resistant PEI broodstock, there is highlysignificant population differentiation at local and regional scales. These results represent a profound shift in ourview of oyster diversity in Eastern Canada and raises questions about the origin and maintenance of oystergenetic diversity in the face of considerable historical and contemporary disturbance. The proposed project willextend ongoing analyses to uncover the driving forces behind this pattern of diversity. We will develop specificrecommendations for current broodstock collection activities and breeding program, as well as prepare andsubmit our results for publication. This will enhance ERB's broodstock management strategy, increasing theperformance of their seed in aquaculture production, inform their selective breeding program, and minimize thepotential genetic impacts of large-scale transfers on neighbouring wild populations.

东北牡蛎（Crassostrea virginica）是一种重要的经济和生态物种，其自然分布范围包括所有沿海省份。它也在魁北克和纽芬兰种植。尽管它们很重要，但我们对它们的种群遗传结构知之甚少。这些信息不仅对野生牡蛎的引进和转移管理至关重要，而且对孵化场亲贝计划的建立和管理也至关重要。L'Étang Ruisseau Bar Ltd.（ERB）拥有并经营加拿大大西洋地区最大的贝类孵化场，向所有大西洋省份出口种子。拟议的项目旨在完成基于尖端人口基因组学分析的彻底分析和出版物，这些分析可以量化野生牡蛎种群的关键特征，包括关键信息，如遗传分化的数量和程度，有效种群规模的估计以及当地适应的证据。迄今为止，我们的研究结果表明，尽管抗病PEI亲鱼的大规模康复转移，但在地方和区域尺度上存在高度显着的种群分化。这些结果代表了我们对加拿大东部牡蛎多样性的看法的深刻转变，并提出了关于牡蛎遗传多样性的起源和维持的问题，面对相当大的历史和当代干扰。拟议的项目将继续进行分析，以揭示这种多样性模式背后的驱动力。我们将为目前的亲鱼收集活动和育种计划提出具体的建议，并准备和提交我们的结果供出版。这将加强ERB的亲鱼管理策略，提高其种子在水产养殖生产中的表现，为选择性育种计划提供信息，并最大限度地减少大规模转移对邻近野生种群的潜在遗传影响。