The impact of face-processing abilities and face inversion on the visual extraction strategies in face processing

人脸处理能力和人脸反转对人脸处理中视觉提取策略的影响

• 批准号: 402513-2012
• 负责人: Fiset, Daniel
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: Québec en Outaouais
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=696150
• 关键词: impact; face; processing; abilities; inversion

Facial cues convey information that we can use to quickly process basic characteristics such as identity, gender, age and ethnical origin as well as social information such as beauty, trustworthiness or mood. This wealth of information allows human beings to adjust their behaviors according to the nature of the encounter or situation with which they are confronted. For example, one should not behave with a close friend in the same way as one should with Stephen Harper, the current Prime Minister of Canada. The ability to extract the necessary visual cues from facial processing in order to produce an adequate and adapted response is no simple feat. Researchers consider face processing as one of the most complex tasks the human perceptual system must perform. However, most human beings are under the impression that it is an easy and effortless task. Naturally, strong individual differences exist within the normal population. Some show exceptional ability whereas others experience much difficulty. This disparity between good and poor face recognizers has the potential of helping us understand how the human brain processes and recognizes faces. One of the main goals of this research project is to examine how individual differences influence visual information extraction strategies. Do the best face recognizers process the basic visual information for face recognition more effectively? Are their eye movements more efficient in extracting this information? We will also explore how presenting faces upside-down, a proven way to disrupt efficient face identification even in the very best face recognizers, impacts perceptual strategies. Using a combination of psychophysical methods and gaze tracking experiments, this proposal will help us acquire a better understanding of how the visual system adapts to the challenges of face recognition. Moreover, once we expand our knowledge of how the brain manages to process faces, it will become possible to develop training programs to help people who experience difficulties with faces.

面部线索传达的信息，我们可以用来快速处理基本特征，如身份，性别，年龄和民族血统，以及社会信息，如美丽，可信度或情绪。这些丰富的信息使人类能够根据他们所面临的遭遇或情况的性质来调整他们的行为。例如，一个人不应该像对待加拿大现任总理斯蒂芬哈珀那样对待一个亲密的朋友。从面部处理中提取必要的视觉线索以产生适当和适应性反应的能力并不简单。研究人员认为，人脸处理是人类感知系统必须执行的最复杂的任务之一。然而，大多数人的印象是，这是一个容易和毫不费力的任务。自然，在正常人群中存在很强的个体差异。有些人表现出非凡的能力，而另一些人则经历了很多困难。好的和差的人脸识别器之间的这种差异有可能帮助我们了解人类大脑如何处理和识别人脸。本研究的主要目的之一是探讨个体差异如何影响视觉信息提取策略。最好的人脸识别器是否能更有效地处理人脸识别的基本视觉信息？他们的眼球运动是否更有效地提取这些信息？我们还将探讨如何呈现颠倒的面孔，即使在最好的人脸识别器中，也是一种破坏有效人脸识别的有效方法，它会影响感知策略。结合心理物理学方法和视线跟踪实验，这一建议将有助于我们更好地理解视觉系统如何适应人脸识别的挑战。此外，一旦我们扩大了我们对大脑如何处理面孔的知识，就有可能开发培训计划来帮助那些在面孔方面遇到困难的人。