Optimal Energy Management of Sustainable Greenhouses in Smart Grid

加拿大致力于通过向更可持续和多样化的经济过渡来应对气候变化，这取决于其一些最大的利益攸关方，包括农业综合企业。受控环境农业的技术进步导致了大规模温室操作的兴起，并有能力全年提供新鲜农产品，蔬菜，树木和大麻的本地供应。尽管这些温室的规模以及设备和围护结构设计的热力学性能的显著改善导致了更高的资本和能源效率，但该行业面临着与能源成本不断上升以及进口竞争和大型零售商造成的不确定或低市场价格相关的重大挑战。为了降低能源成本，可持续的温室运营除了储存能力外，还需要整合可再生/替代能源。这带来了两个截然不同的挑战或机遇：智能优化仪表后的能源资源，以及在交互式电网时代运行交互式配电连接的温室能源系统。为了抓住这个机会，我们将开发形成DRAX ISO的理论基础- Pomphrey Industries Corporation的第一个人工能源智能，用于探索和利用智能电网中大规模温室操作的关键多维过程流，通过其能源资源参与当前和拟议的辅助市场来获得和测试新的收入流。近年来，温室由于其显著的发电容量和负载需求而被认为是维持电网的运行性能和弹性的辅助服务提供商。智能能源管理计划和辅助服务市场（例如，用于电压调节、频率调节和谐波缓解）将由我们的行业合作伙伴在加拿大阿尔伯塔的6，000平方米温室设施中进行分析、建模和嵌入试验。

Canada's commitment to addressing climate change through a transition to a more sustainable and diversified economy rests on the shoulders of some of its biggest stakeholders including the ones in agribusiness. Technological advancements in controlled environment agriculture has led to the rise of large-scale greenhouse operations and the capacity to provide year-round local supplies of fresh produce, ornamentals, trees, and cannabis. Although the scale of these greenhouses and dramatic improvements in the thermodynamic performance of equipment and envelope designs have led to greater capital and energy efficiency, the industry faces significant challenges related to escalating energy costs, and indeterminate or low market prices caused by import competition and large retailers. In an effort to reduce energy costs, sustainable greenhouse operations will need to integrate renewable/alternative sources of energy in addition to storage capacity. This presents two distinct challenges or opportunities: intelligent optimization of behind-the-meter energy resources and the operation of an interactive distribution-connected greenhouse energy system in a transactive power grid era. In order to seize this opportunity, we will develop the theoretical foundations forming DRAX ISO - Pomphrey Industries Corporation's first artificial energy intelligence for exploring and exploiting the critical multi-dimensional process flows of a large-scale greenhouse operation in a smart grid, to derive and test new revenue streams through the participation of its energy resources in current and proposed ancillary markets. In recent years, greenhouses have been considered as ancillary service providers to maintain operational performance and resiliency of the power grid, due to their significant power generation capacity and load demand. Intelligent energy management schemes and the technological capabilities for greenhouse operations in ancillary service markets (e.g., for voltage regulation, frequency regulation, and harmonic mitigation) will be analyzed, modelled and embedded for pilot by our industry partner at a 6,000 sqm greenhouse facility located in Alberta, Canada.