E-commerce Distribution Network Capacity Planning and Supply Chain Modelling

电子商务分销网络容量规划和供应链建模

• 批准号: 552982-2020
• 负责人: Teymouri, Ahmad
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: Algonquin College of Applied Arts and Technology
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Applied Research and Development Grants - Level 1
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=703137
• 关键词: commerce; Distribution; Network; Capacity; Planning

Carriers constantly face the challenge of allocating capacity for Less-Than-Truckload (LTL) and parcel deliveries in their transportation network. The challenge stems from the fact that standards for weight limits and pricing schemes that are dependent on volume density, dimensions, and handling keep changing, and this in turn has an impact on profitability. LTL loads are usually several pallet loads of goods that do not fill up a truck, whereas parcels are individual packages or parcels that are not palletized, and take up significantly less space on a truck when compared to LTL's. Furthermore, parcels are usually loaded on smaller trucks in order to do the last mile delivery to the end customer. The volume of the parcel business has increased dramatically over the years thanks to e-retailing. In 2018, 87 billion parcels were shipped globally, and in 2025, the volume is estimated to be 200 billion. Given the differences in handling LTL loads from parcels, it is typical for carriers to use a dedicated fleet for each type of service. Unfortunately, this means that trucks will not be fully utilized, and the cost of transportation will increase. Typically, transportation costs represent 65% of the total logistics costs, and it is imperative that every effort is made to reduce this cost as much as possible. The research aims to develop a decision-making model for carriers to support operations, tactical, and strategic decisions regarding capacity allocation and revenue management. That is, given a fixed transportation capacity, how should a carrier optimally allocate LTL and parcel loads in order to maximize the utilization of the trucks and reduce their costs. The research will look into the feasibility of mixing LTL and parcels loads in a single truck.

承运人经常面临在其运输网络中分配零担（LTL）和包裹交付能力的挑战。 这一挑战源于这样一个事实，即取决于体积密度、尺寸和处理的重量限制和定价方案的标准不断变化，这反过来又对盈利能力产生影响。 LTL负载通常是几个托盘负载的货物，不装满卡车，而包裹是单独的包裹或包裹，不被包裹，并且与LTL相比，在卡车上占用的空间明显较少。 此外，包裹通常装载在较小的卡车上，以便将最后一英里交付给最终客户。 由于电子零售，包裹业务的数量多年来急剧增加。 2018年，全球运送了870亿个包裹，到2025年，预计将达到2000亿个包裹。 考虑到处理来自包裹的LTL负载的差异，承运人通常会为每种服务类型使用专用车队。 不幸的是，这意味着卡车将无法得到充分利用，运输成本将增加。 通常，运输成本占总物流成本的65%，因此必须尽一切努力尽可能降低这一成本。 该研究旨在为运营商开发一个决策模型，以支持有关容量分配和收入管理的运营，战术和战略决策。 也就是说，给定一个固定的运输能力，承运人应该如何最佳地分配零担和包裹装载量，以最大限度地利用卡车并降低其成本。 该研究将探讨在一辆卡车上混合零担和包裹装载的可行性。