Development and Evaluation of New Diagnostic Microbiological Tools for Monitoring Water Quality in Canadian Urban Environments

现有的水质监测协议，E。大肠杆菌是基于一个或两天的延迟之间的水 样本收集和公共卫生决策。人们认识到，目前的这种做法并不能充分保护 使用泳滩的市民的健康。在这种情况下，可能需要几天的时间， 检测以前的粪便污染事件，重要的是要了解粪便污染的类型 撞击海滩。如果影响来自人类废物（如污水或化粪池），情况尤其如此 罐），因为这种类型的粪便污染源可能对人类健康构成重大风险。微生物科学 近年来，源跟踪已经发展到为检测粪便的性质提供有效的新工具 海滩污染。我们将与我们的滑铁卢生物过滤系统（WBS），多伦多公共卫生（TPH）和安大略省环境，保护和公园部（MECP）合作伙伴一起开发和测试新的监测和微生物来源跟踪工具，这将加快加拿大重要流域多伦多的水质监测。我们将使用qPCR和高通量DNA测序进行DNA分析，以识别和量化多伦多市作为其定期计划的海滩监测计划的一部分采集的污水样本中的特定细菌，病毒和原生动物。主要目标是定量肠球菌和大肠杆菌。大肠杆菌含量，以便迅速向公众�生署提供资料，以便当日关闭海滩。其他研究目标将包括：1）检测其他细菌（拟杆菌）和病毒（crASS噬菌体）粪便指示物的存在; 2）DNA序列数据中其他微生物的生物信息学鉴定，包括细菌（弯曲杆菌、沙门氏菌、蓝细菌）、病毒（冠状病毒-SARS-2）和原生动物（隐孢子虫）。使用确定的生物体特异性DNA序列，我们将开发新的qPCR测试的利益的生物体WBS，MECP和TPH。这项研究的结果将提供全面的新信息和工具，可用于确保我们未来的供水质量。

Existing water quality monitoring protocols for E. coli are based upon a one or two day delay between water sample collection and public health decisions. It is recognized that this current approach is not fully protective of the health of the public using bathing beaches. Under these circumstances, where it may take several days to detect a previous fecal pollution event, it is important to have an understanding of the types of fecal pollution impacting a beach. This is particularly the case if the impacts are from human wastes (e.g. sewage or septic tanks), as this type of fecal pollution source can pose significant human health risks. The science of microbial source tracking has advanced in recent years to provide effective new tools for detecting the nature of fecal pollution at beaches. We will, in conjunction with our Waterloo Biofilter Systems (WBS), Toronto Public Health (TPH) and Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks (MECP) partners, develop and test new surveillance and microbial source tracking tools that will expedite water quality monitoring in Toronto, an important Canadian watershed. We will conduct DNA analyses using both qPCR and high-throughput DNA sequencing to identify and quantify specific bacteria, viruses, and protozoa in water effluent samples taken by the City of Toronto as part of their regular, scheduled beach monitoring program. The primary goal will be to quantify Enterococcus and E. coli levels to quickly provide information to Public Heath to facilitate same-day beach closures. Additional research goals will include 1) testing for the presence of other bacterial (Bacteriodetes) and viral (crASSphage) fecal indicators; 2) bioinformatic identification of other microorganisms in DNA sequence data including bacteria (Campylobacter, Salmonella, Cyanobacteria), viruses (coronavirus-SARS-2) and protozoa (Cryptosporidium). Using identified organism-specific DNA sequences, we will develop novel qPCR tests for organisms of interest to WBS, MECP and TPH. The results of this study will provide comprehensive new information and tools that can be deployed to ensure the future quality of our water supply.